Effect of chemical treatment

V. Skakalova, A. B. Kaiser, U. Dettlaff-Weglikowska, K. Hrncarikova, S. Roth, Effect of chemical treatment on electrical conductivity, infrared absorption, and Raman spectra of single-walled carbon nanotubes, J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 109, pp. 7174-7181, 2005. 

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) works in the 800 nm-2.5 pm (12,500— 4,000 cm-1) range. The advantage of NIR is that it can typically penetrate much farther into a sample than the mid-infrared radiation (30-1.4 pm, 4,000-400 cm-1)- It can be used for the quantitative measurement of organic functional groups of soil organic matter, especially O—H, N—H, and C=0 (Siesler et al. 2002). In addition, the structural modifications under the effect of chemical treatments (e.g., acidic treatments) can also be studied by NIR (Madejova et al. 2009). 

Figure 4 Effects of chemical treatments on relationships between logarithm of E l 7 and logarithm of tan 6. Dotted lines represent experimental correlations for untreated specimens. Various values of relative increase of matrix rigidity (/ ) and mobility factor (jx) were simulated. (A, A) Experimental values of untreated and treated specimens. (O, ) Theoretical plots for zero mean microfibrillar angle and theoretical plots assuming swelling effect only. See legend to Fig. 2 for treatment abbreviations.

The effect of chemical treatment on surface of the fibre in which the coupling agent was found to be concentrated on the fibre provided the ability for the covalent bonding formation. In the present study, the above explanation is aplicable to the increase in impact strenth. The effect of mechanical treatment for palmyra fibre surface not to be roughness than coir fibre. The surface of the palmyra fibre is more smooth than the coir fibre surface before mechanical treatmennt, for this case the TS value for palmyra composite materials increase only around 5 - 10 % but for coir composite materials increase around 10 - 15 % and effect of chemical treatment for the coir fibre composite materials better than the palmyra composite materials that is due to palmyra fibre content around 60% carbon atom. Interaction of carbon atom and sodium peroxide is weak. 

Effect of Chemical Treatments of Wool on the Load Extension Curve...368... 

Effect of chemical treatment of lignocellulosic fillers on the acoustic properties of the composites... 

The effect of chemical treatment is dominant in the low frequency range, i. e. from lO Hz to 1 kHz. It can be opposite for various kinds of lignocellulosic fillers. Figs. 16 and 17 show the frequency dependences of dielectric permittivity sf obtained at room temperature for the polypropylene composites containing crude, mercerized and modified lignocellulosic fillers derived from pine and beech wood as well as two kinds of rapeseed straw. The effect observed for the pine and beech wood (Fig. 16) consists in the increase of the dielectric permittivity s value. The modification with maleic anhydride causes greater increase than the mercerization. In the case of both kinds of rapeseed straw Kaszub and Californium (Fig. 17), the mercerization decreases the dielectric permittivity s value several times and the modification with maleic anhydride reduces s value to that measured for composites with crude pine and crude beech. One should take into account the location of the / wet- relaxation in the vicinity of room temperature to explain the opposite influence of chemical treatment... 

It was found that the crystalline content of the treated fibres increased because of the removal of remaining fatty acid. The crystalline content of the pristine sugar cane fibres was 40% while that of the fibres after chemical treatments was 70%. The XRD results, therefore, agreed well with those obtained from the solid-state C-NMR. The effect of chemical treatment on the morphology of sugar cane fibres investigated under SEM is shown in Figure 13.10. 

Raj RG, Kokta D, Daneault C (1989) Effect of chemical treatment of fibers on the mechanical properties of polyethylene-wood fiber composites. J Adhes Sci Technol 3 55-64... 

Joseph K, Thomas S, Pavithran C (1996) Effect of chemical treatment on the tensile properties of short sisal fibre-reinforced polyethylene composites. Polymer 37 5139-5149... 

Mwaikambo LY, Ansell MP (1999) The effect of chemical treatment on the properties of htanp, sisal, jute and kapok fibre for composite reinforcement. In 2nd International wood and natural fibre composites symposium, Kassel, Germany... 

A. Bessadok, S. Roudesh, S. Marais, N. Follain and L. Lebrun, Alfa fibres for unsaturated polyester composites reinforcement Effects of chemical treatments on mechanical and permeation properties. Compos. A 40,184-195 (2009). 

I.M. De Rosa, J.M. Keimy, M.D. Maniruzzaman, M.D. Moniruzzaman, M. Monti, D. Puglia, C. Santulh, and F. Sarasini, Effect of chemical treatments on the mechanical and thermal behaviour of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) fibres. Compos. Sci. Technol. 71, 246-254, (2011). 

An additional technique that is of interest and is useful for determining the concentration of free NCO groups is given below. This technique is relatively simple and fast to use but requires a separate calibration curve for each polymer series containing the same parent compounds. The accuracy is relatively poor, being only 01% absolute, but is useful for studying curing rate stability, or the effects of chemical treatment. 

Kim, S. Park, S.-J. (2006). Effects of chemical treatment of carbon supports on electrochemical behaviors for platinum catalysts of fuel cells. J. Power Sources, 159, 42-45. 

Park S J, Seo M K, Ma T J and Lee D R (2002) Effect of chemical treatment of Kevlar fibers on mechanical interfacial properties of composites, J Colloid Interface Sci 252 249-255. 

Lin T K, Wu S J, Lai J G and Shyu S S (2000) The effect of chemical treatment on reinforce-ment/matrix interaction in Kevlar-fiber/bismaleimide composites, Compos Sci Technol 60 1873-1878. 

Effect of Chemical Treatment on Mechanical Properties of NFRCs... 

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES... 

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