Bismaleimide composites

The advantage of using free radical inhibitors to facilitate the copolymerization of a bisbenzocyclobutene with a bismaleimide was first noted in a patent to Bartmann [78]. Subsequent to this, Corley in a series of patents described some detailed experiments on the copolymerization of bisbenzocyclobutenes with bismaleimides both with and without the addition of a free radical inhibitor [33, 34]. The structures of the bisbenzocyclobutenes used in this study are shown in Fig. 33. The bismaleimide component that was used was a mixture of three different bismaleimides in the molar ratio shown in Fig. 34. The individual bisbenzocyclobutenes were blended at elevated temperature with varying amounts of the bismaleimide composition. In some of the experiments, the free radical inhibitor phenothiazine was added at a 0.5 mole % level. The various monomer mixtures were then copolymerized using one of the cure schedules described in Table 14. The copolymers were then physically characterized using a variety of techniques. Table 14 shows the results obtained from copolymers... 

Haque, M.H., Upadhyaya, P., Roy, S., Ware, T., Voit, W., Lu, H. The changes in flexural properties and microstractures of carbon fiber bismaleimide composite after exposure to a high temperature. Compos. Stract. 108, 57-64 (2014)... 

Faraz, M.I., Bhowmik, S., DeRuijter, C., Laoutid, F., Benedictus, R.,Dubois, Ph, Page, J.V.S., Jeson, S. Thermal, morphological, and mechanical characterization of novel carbon nanofiba-filled bismaleimide composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 117, 2159-2167 (2010)... 

Wan Y Z, Wang Y L, He F, Huang Y, Jiang H J (2007) Mechanical performance of hybrid bismaleimide composites reinforced with three-dimensional braided carbon and Kevlar fabrics . Composites Part A, 38, 495-504. 

Lin T K, Wu S J, Lai J G and Shyu S S (2000) The effect of chemical treatment on reinforce-ment/matrix interaction in Kevlar-fiber/bismaleimide composites, Compos Sci Technol 60 1873-1878. 

Liang Guozheng, Hu Xiaolan, and Lu Tingli. Inorganic whiskers reinforced bismaleimide composites Part II. J. Mater. Sci. 40 no. 7 (2005) 1743-1748. 

Rider Andrew N., Brack Narelle, and Gopalakrishn J. Surface treatments and adhesives for bonded repairs to high temperature carbon-bismaleimide composite structure. J. Adhes. Set Technol. 26 no. 7 (2012) 911-937. 

Shimokawa Toshiyuki, Kakuta Yoshiaki, Hamaguchi Yasumasa, and Aiyama Takenori. Static and fatigue strengths of a G40-800/5260 carbon fiber/bismaleimide composite material at room temperature and 150°C. J. Compos. Mater. 42 no. 7 (2008) 655-679. 

Thunga Mahendra, Bauer Amy, Obusek Kristine, MeUunas Ray, Akinc Mufit, and Kessler Michael R. Injection repair of carbon fiber/bismaleimide composite panels with bisphenol E cyanate ester resin. Compos. Sci. Technol. 100 (2014) 174—181. 

Wang Shaoquan, Dong Shangli, Gao Yu, YeZhuyu, and Lu Gang. Influence of liquid nitrogen steeping on mechanical properties of a unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced bismaleimide composite. Polym. Polym. Compos. 22 no. 2 (2014) 129-134. 

Yan Hongxia, Li Pengbo, Ning Rongchang, Ma Xiaoyan, and Zhang Zengping. Tribological properties of bismaleimide composites with surface-modified SiOj nanoparticles. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 110 no. 3 (2008) 1375-1381. 

Table 5.18 Properties of carbon fibre bismaleimide composites...

The effect of chemical treatment on reinforcement/matrix interaction in Kevlar-fibre/bismaleimide composites 287... 

The Effect of Chemical Treatment on Reinforcement/Matrix Interaction in Kevlar-fibre/Bismaleimide Composites... 

Incoherent INS spectroscopy probes the local enviroranent of the scattering atom and is thus complementary to infrared and Raman spectroscopies. However there are important differences as illustrated in Figure 12A-C which shows the infrared, Raman and INS spectra respectively, of N-phenyl-maleimide, a model compound for bismaleimide composites that are used in aerospace applications. It can be seen that aU three spectra are very different. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, whether a mode is infrared and/or Raman active (or is inactive in both) is determined by the symmetry of the molecule. Note that even when a mode is allowed it may still have little or no intensity. In contrast, there are no selection rules for INS spectroscopy and all modes are allowed. 

Yan H X, Ning R C, Ma X Y and Zhang Q Y, Friction and wear behavior of nanometer Si3N4-filled bismaleimide composites . Tribology, 2001 21(6) 452-5 (in Chinese). 

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