SEARCH Articles Figures Tables Additivity of Effective Charge in Reactants and Products Additivity of effective charge Adsorbate with Cations Effects of Cation Site, Charge, and Ionic Radius Cations Effects of Site, Charge, and Ionic Radius Charge effective Charge, effect Charging effect Conservation of effective charge Discreteness of charge effect Effect of Charging Errors Effect of External Charges in MO Treatments Effect of an Electric Charge Effect of charges on reactions in solution Effect of negative charge Effect of non-equilibrium charge screening (Coulomb interaction) Effect of space charges Effect of surface charge Effect of surfactants charge Effect of the Nuclear Charge Distribution on Total Energies Effective charges of atoms Effective mass of charge carrier Effects of Electrostatic Charges Effects of Quencher Charge Effects of Recombination in Space Charge Region Effects of charge on intra-unit distances Effects of space charge on the currents Gibbs Thermodynamic Equations Describing Temperature Effects in the Presence and Absence of Charge-Transfer Processes How can the effects of electric charges be observed Nonlinear, Band-structure, and Surface Effects in the Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids Plasma Species and Factors Active for Sterilization Direct Effect of Charged Particles Polar Bond, Effective Charges of Atoms