Ebola hemorrhagic fever

Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HP) is a severe, otten-tatal disease ir) humans and nonhunian primates (monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees) that has appeared sporadically since its initial recognition in 1976. 

The disease is caused by infection with Ebola virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of tbe Congo (formerly Zaire) in Africa, where it was first recognized. The virus is one of two members of a family of RN.A viruses called the Filovtridae. There are four identified subtypes of Ebola virus. Three of the four have caused disease in humans Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, and Ebola-Ivory Coast. The fourth, Ebola-Reston. has caused disease in nonhuman primates, but not in humans. 

The exact origin, locations, and natural habitat (known as the naniral reservoir ) of Ebola virus remain unknown. However, on the basis of available evidence and the nature of similar viruses, researchers believe that the virus is zoonotic (animal-borne) and is normally maintained in an animal host that is native to the African continent. A similar host is probably associated with Ebola-Reston which was isolated from infected cynomolgous monkeys that were imported to the United States and Italy from the Philippines. The virus is not known to be native to other continents, such as North America. 

Wliere do cases of Ebola hemorrhagic fever occur  

Ebola HF typically appears in sporadic outbreaks, usually spread within a health-care setting (a situation known as amplification). It is likely that sporadic, isolated cases occur as well, but go unrecognized. A table showing a chronological list of known cases and outbreaks is available. 

Primarily infects lymphatic system, testes, ovaries, liver, with secondary severe effects on blood coagulation 

Source Infected human blood, secretions, organs, 

Bowel movements - blood or black (hematochezia) (melena) Breathing - rapid (tachypnea) 

acute NS Eyes, conjunctivae - injected Eyes - burning, itching Head - pain (headache) 

Mentation - apathy Mentation - confusion Mentation - fatigue Mouth, gingiva - bleeding Mouth, mucosa - hemorrhage Mouth, mucosa - ulcers Muscles - pain (myalgia) 

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Fact Sheet 103 Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever. Geneva Health Communications and Public... 

Ebola—Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola EF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in nonhuman primates such as monkeys, chimpanzees, and gorillas, and in humans. Ebola has appeared sporadically since 1976 when it was first recognized. 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2001b). Outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever Uganda, August 2000-January 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 50, 73-77. 

Filoviruses (Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Marburg hemorrhagic fever)... 

Cryptosporidiosis Ebola hemorrhagic fever Infectious mononucleosis Legionellosis... 

Ebola hemorrhagic fever, 67-71 Influenza, 100-103 Lassa fever, 104-108 Leptospirosis, 114-119 Lewisite poisoning, 342-345... 

FIGURE 3.8 Extensive Ebola viral antigens are seen primarily within fibroblasts in the dermis of a skin specimen from a fatal case of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. (Immunoalkaline phosphatase with naphthol fast red substrate and hematoxylin counterstain original magnification x20.)... 

Immunohistochemistry has been a very valuable tool used to identify and study several other EIDs such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever Hendra virus encephali-... 

Deadly tropical fevers are an unfortunate fact of life in Central Africa but rarely are they this contagious or lethal. The plague that afflicted Kikwit was Ebola hemorrhagic fever, a viral disease for which there is no known treatment. Within a few weeks, about 400 people in Kikwit had contracted the virus and 350 were dead. 

Clostridium perfringens Clostridium tetani Coccidioidomycosis Colletotrichum kanawae Congo-Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever Deuterophoma tracheiphila Dothidella ulei E. coli. Serotype 0157H7 Eastern Equine Encephalitis Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Ephemeral Fever Equine Morbillivirus Flexal Virus... 

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