Dynamic vegetation model

Pan Y. McGuire A.D. Melillo J.M. Kicklighter D.W. Sitch S. and Prentice I.C. (2002). A biogeochemistry-based dynamic vegetation model and its application along a moisture gradient in the continental United States. Journal of Vegetation Science, 13, 369-382. 

Doherty, R., Kutzbach, J. E., Foley, J., and Pollard, D. (2000). Fully-coupled climate/dynamical vegetation model simulations over northern Africa during the mid-Holocene. Climate Dynamics. 16,561 -573. 

Only a few of the new generation of computationally expensive dynamic vegetation models can accurately simulate a situation... 

Gerten, D. (2004). Terrestrial vegetation and water balance—Hydrological evaluation of a dynamic global vegetation model. J. Hydrol. 286(1 4), 249-270. 

Sitch, S. (2003). Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model. Global Change Biol. 9(2), 161-185. 

Pollard, D., Sitch, S. and Haxeltine, A. (1996). An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes, terrestrial carbon balance, and vegetation dynamics. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 10, 603-628. 

The main tools used to provide global projections of future climate are general circulation models (GCMs). These are mathematical models based on fundamental physical laws and thus constitute dynamical representations of the climate system. Computational constraints impose a limitation on the resolution that it is possible to realise with such models, and so some unresolved processes are parameterised within the models. This includes many key processes that control climate sensitivity such as clouds, vegetation and oceanic convection [19] of which scientific understanding is still incomplete. 

Figure 3.9 shows the role of forest vegetation in C02 dynamics. In addition to these results, note that experiments with global models make it possible to trace the dependence of the composition of atmospheric gas on the structure of planetary forest cover. From the available estimates, the total area of forests for t0 = 1970 can be estimated at = crL(t0) 40.3 41.84 106 km2 (Watson et al., 2000), 1% constituting national parks and forest reserves. With the formulated scenario, let us assume tL = 2050, = (rx(t )) = 19.5 106 km2. As can be seen from Figure 3.6, the... 

The M2UE (Micro-scale Model for Urban Environment Nuterman 2008) is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) microscale model for analysis of atmospheric processes and pollution prediction in the urban environment, which takes into account a complex character of aerodynamics in non-uniform urban relief with penetrable (vegetation) and impenetrable (buildings) obstacles and traffic induced... 

Sarmiento, G. 1992. A conceptual model relating environmental factors and vegetation formations in the lowlands of tropical south America. Pages 583-601. in P. A. Furley, J Proctor, and J. A. Ratter, editors. Nature and Dynamics of Forest-Savanna Boundaries. Chapman and Hall, London. 

The SM2-U model (Dupont and Mestayer, 2004 [158] Dupont et al., 2005 [160]) is based on the force-restore model of Noilhan and Planton 1989 [469] for the transfers between the atmosphere, one vegetation layer, and three soil layers in its most recent version, ISBA-3L (Boone et al., 1999 [66]). It keeps the principal characteristics of this soil model and was developed as a pre-processor for fine resolution sub-mesoscale simulations. The surface dynamic influence is represented through roughness lengths... 

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