Dynamic amplification

In many cases, the dynamic amplification factor or the ratio of static load to dynamic load capacity will exceed two. This is because of the concave up shape of the resistance function and the mobilization of membrane resistance at large deflection to thickness ratios. Because of this phenomenon, it is unconservative to assume the blast capacity of polycarbonate glazing to be no less than one half of its static pressure load capacity. 

In this context the supramolecular crystalline [15-22] or hybrid materials [23-35] can be prepared and constitutionally self-sorted by using an irreversible kinetic process like crystallization or sol-gel polymerization. The self-selection is based on constitutional internal interactions of library components, resulting in the dynamic amplification of self-optimized architectures, during the phase change process. With all this in mind, the second part will be devoted to sol-gel resolution of dynamic molecular supramolecular libraries, emphasizing recent developments, especially as pursued in our laboratory. 

Between Bph and Qa, our calculations provide the maximum rate jQii which is by about ten times larger than the experimental value 10 s i (11). The Pathways prediction for the maximum rate is close to the latter value and in a good agreement with our results. Between Qa and Qb, our calculations for the crystallographic conformation provide the maximum rate about (10 s ), which is substantially smaller than observed in experiments. The dynamical amplification, however, increases the rate by almost three orders of magnitude, making it close to the experimental value of about 10 (11). At the Pathways level, the... 

Effects of nuclear dynamics on electron tunneling in redox proteins have been an important question for the biological electron transfer community. While it has been understood how nuclear dynamics controls the Pranck-Condon factor, little was known until now about how the dynamics affects the tunneling matrix element. Our results show that, when tunneling is dominated by a single pathway tube, dynamical effects are small and Pathways level calculations provide reasonable results. The situation changes when several pathway tub are important and destructive interference exists among them. In this case dynamic amplification becomes important,... 

Forces and moments on the piping resulting from thrust developed by full opening of the relief valve(s) are determined in the stress analysis. Dynamic amplification load factors are considered in the determination of the... 

Emken JL and Reinkensmeyer DJ, Robot-enhanced motor learning Accelerating internal model formation during locomotion by transient dynamic amplification, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 33-39,2005. 

Refined studies supported by numerical analyses and/or physical testing should be carried out for specific layout configurations typical examples are the grouping effects among cooling towers, dynamic amplification of tall and slender stacks or, in the case of aircraft crash, the dynamic interaction effects on large and flexible slabs. 

In some States, plane reinforced concrete walls may be designed with equivalent static load pressure derived from the maximum overpressure multiplied by a coefficient of 1.4. This coefficient acconnts for maximum dynamic amplification (equal to 2) and strnctnral change to the plastic phase (plasticity factor equal to 0.7). 

If both walls are spaced far apart, the pressures on one wall are not influenced by the presence of the other. For low-frequency input motions with frequency less than half the fundamental frequency of the unrestrained backfill, VJAW (Fj is the soil shear wave velocity), the pseudo static conditions are governed (i.e., the dynamic amplification is negligible). For this range of frequencies, wall pressures with plane strain assumption can be obtained from elastic solution for the case of a uniform, constant horizontal acceleration applied throughout the soil. The dynamic earth pressures obtained from this method must be... 

The design ground motion is one of the primary factors used to determine the required seismic resistance (strength) of structures and supported nonstmctural components. In many seismic codes the design ground acceleration is used as a product of an acceleratirMi factor which depends on the seismic zone and a dynamic amplification factor which depends rm the soil class and the... 

Tuned Mass and Parametric Pendulum Dampers Under Seismic Vibrations, Fig. 2 Dynamic amplification factor of the primary mass (dot) and TMD (solid) from Eq. 7 versus v ratio, (a) /t = 0.1 (b) fi = 0.2... 

Tuned Mass and Parametric Pendulum Dampers Under Seismic Vibrations, Fig. 3 Dynamic amplification... 

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