Drying oils saponification value

In India, small seeds generally had higher oil content than larger seeds and the main characteristics were specific gravity (15°C), 0.9304 refractive index (15°C), 1.4795 optical rotation, +35° saponification value, 181.2 iodine value (Wijs), 99 unsaponified material, 3.7%. The expressed oil is classified as semi-drying and is a source of lauric and adipic acids (Weiss, 2002). Table 12.4 gives the average physico-chemical properties of fennel volatile oil. 

Saponification Value after Acetylation Acetylate a 10-mL sample as directed under Total Alcohols, Appendix VI. Determine as directed in Saponification Value under Esters, Appendix VI, using about 2.5 g of the dried, acetylated oil, accurately weighed. Use the weight, in grams, of the acetylated oil for W in the calculation formula. 

Properties A drying oil similar in properties and uses to linseed. Edible, iodine value approximately 160, d 0.923, refr index 1.470-1.472. Contains approximately 10% saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic), unsaturated acids present are linoleic, lin-olenic, and oleic. Saponification value 190-193. 

Properties Yellowish-brown or reddish-brown, drying oil characteristic odor. D 0.927-0.933, saponification value 191-196, iodine value 139-180, refr index 1.480. Soluble in ether, benzene, naphtha, and carbon disulfide. Combustible. 

Properties Light-yellow drying oil. D 0.932-0.945, saponification value 191-193, iodine value 187-202, refr index 1.4841. Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, and carbon disulfide. Combustible. Subject to spontaneous heating. 

Properties Yellow drying oil. D 0.9360-0.9432, saponification value 193, iodine value 150-165, refr index 1.5030, flash p 552F (288.9C), autoign temp 855F (457C). Soluble in chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide, and oils. Combustible. 

ASTM D1962 Test Method for Saponification Value of Drying Oils, Eatty Acids, and Polymerized Fatty Acids... 

Describe the following terms used in the characterisation of vegetable oils, (i) iodine value, (ii) saponification value, (iii) hydroxyl value, (iv) acid value and (v) drying time. 

Relative density Refractive index ( d ) Saponification value Iodine value Unsaponifiable matter (%) Oil content of dry kernel (%) Not available 1.4596 192,198" 58,51" 0.4 55-65... 

Chai oil n. Mexican oil obtained from Salvia hispanica. It has excellent drying properties. A prominent characteristic of the oil is its high surface tension, which causes it to crawl , cooking at 260° C (500°F) for a short time destroys this property. Its main constituent acids may make up more than 90% of the total acids. Properties Sp gr, 0.9338/15°C refractive index, 1.4855 iodine value, 196.3 saponification value 192.2. 

Garcia nutans oil n. Vegetable drying oil obtained from the species, Euphorbiaceae, which grows in Mexico and Venezuela. It contains over 90% of eleostearic acid and gels in less than 8 min at 282°C. It possesses the following constants Sp gr of 0.942/15°C, refractive index of 1.525, iodine value of 177.9, and saponification value of 189. 

Jamba seed oil n. Non-drying oil, similar to rape oil, obtained from the seeds of Eruca sativa. Its main constituent acids are erucic, oleic, and linoleic. Approximate constants Sp gr, 0.916/15°C iodine value, 100 saponification value, 173. 

Jute seed oil n. Obtained from the seed of Corchorus capsularis, grown chiefly in Indian, Egypt, and China. It contains lino-leic and oleic acids. Iodine value, 103 Sp gr, 0.921/15°C saponification value, 185 acetyl value 27. Langenheim JH (2003) Plant resins chemistry, evolution ecology and ethnobotany. Timber Press, Portland, OR. Paint pigment, drying oils, polymers, resins, naval stores, cellulosics esters, and ink vehicles, vol 3. American Society for Testing and Material, Conshohocken, PA, 2001. 

Lallemantia oil Drying oil obtained from the seeds of Lallemantia iberica, found in parts of Asia and Europe. It has Sp gr of 0.934/20°C, iodine value of 190, and saponification value of 190. Its main constituents are linolenic and linolenic glycerides. 

Poppyseed oil (14c) n. Oil with only fair drying properties, obtained from the seeds of Papaver somniferum, which grows in India, Russia, and France. Its main constituent acid is linoleic, which is present to approximately 62%. The oil is little used in the trade, its main applications being for artistic purposes. Sp gr, 0.925 per 15°C iodine value, 134, saponification value, 192. 

Safflower oil sa- flau(-9)r- (ca. 1857) n. Semidrying to drying oil, obtained from Carthamus tinctorim, a native of India. It is now available from seed grown in USA. Its main constituent acid is linoleic, with a small quantity of linolenic acid. It dries and bodies more slowly than linseed oil. Sp gr, 0.925/15°C iodine value, 139 saponification value, 189. Its drying characteristics lie between those of linseed and soybean oils. One of its main advantages for paint and varnishes is its extremely low after-yellowing due to its very low linolenic acid content. 

Sardine oils sar- den n. Fish, oils, mainly of Japanese or American origin, which, when adequately refined, are useful drying oils. Sp gr, 0.930/15°C iodine value, 187 saponification value, 190. 

Stillingia oil n. Pale yellow, limpid, drying oil peculiar odor mustard-like taste. Slightly soluble in alcohol. Sp gr, 0.943-0.945 iodine number, 160 saponification value, 210. 

Garden Rocket Oil n Oil with fair drying properties. It has an iodine value of 155, a sp gr of 0.928, and a saponification value of 192. 

Acetylate 15 to 20 g of oil with twice its volume of acetic anhydride as usual. Wash the acetylated oil free from acid by repeated extraction with w arm brine then with water in a separator, and dry. Determine the saponification value of the acetylated oil, using 2 5 g and 50 ml of 0 5N ethanolic potassium hydroxide (Si). Determine the saponification value of the original oil (S). Then ... 

Table VI Specific gravity, add value, saponification value, iodine value, melting points and drying characteristics of some oils, fats and waxes... 

---