Drugs acyclovir

Several synthetic pyrimidines and purines are useful drugs Acyclovir was the first effective antiviral compound and is used to treat herpes infections 6 Mercaptopunne is one of the drugs used to treat childhood leukemia which has become a very treatable form of cancer with a cure rate approaching 80%... 

Zovirax tablets, containing the antiviral drug acyclovir, are usually given in a dose of 80 mg/kg/day for five days for treating chickenpox. If the patient weighs 165 lb, how many ounce(s) of acyclovir would the patient consume if he has to take the full dose prescribed ... 

Pharmacology Valacyclovir is the hydrochloride salt of L-valyl ester of the antiviral drug acyclovir. Valacyclovir is rapidly converted to acyclovir, which has in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types I (HSV-1) and II (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). In cell culture, acyclovir has the highest antiviral activity against HSV-1, followed by (in decreasing order of potency) HSV-2 and VZV. In vitro, acyclovir triphosphate stops replication of herpes viral DMA in 3 ways 1) Competitive inhibition of viral DMA polymerase 2) incorporation and termination of... 

Probenecid has been reported to inhibit renal elimination of many drugs acyclovir (325,326), allopurinol (327), bumetanide (328), cephalosporins (329-334), cidofovir (335), ciprofloxacin (336), famotidine (337), fexofenadine (338), furosemide (339), and oseltamivir (Ro 64-0802) (340). Recent studies have elucidated that probenecid is a potent inhibitor of renal organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3) with the Ki values lower than the unbound plasma concentration of probenecid, indicating the interaction with probenecid includes inhibition of the basolateral uptake process mediated by OAT1 and/or OAT3. 

Other notable research by Elion led to the development of the antiviral drug Acyclovir (acycloguanosine), which has been used to treat the herpes simplex viruses. Her studies during the 1970s showed that Acyclovir inhibited viral replication by interfering with viral DNA synthesis. The sub-... 

Sulfa ted amphiphilic a-, p-, and y-CDs were demonstrated to form 1 1 inclusion complexes with the antiviral drug acyclovir. Noncovalent interactions between... 

Some fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids, are well-known skin penetration enhancers. It is also known that many fatty acids possess antimicrobial activity. The topical activity of the anti-viral drug acyclovir is hampered by its inadequate permeability through the skin barrier. Some reports have shown that fatty acid extract of cod liver oil as well as the extract in the form of an ointment show effective antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) (37). 

Useful antiviral properties were shown by 2-amino-9-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)methyl-8-azapurin-6-one, the azapurine analog of the purine antiviral drug acyclovir, which is much used in treating human herpes. 9-(2-Hydroxy-4-hydroxymethylcyclopentyl)-8-azaadenine and -hypoxanthine were found to be potent inhibitors of herpes simplex virus (type 1 only) in vitro. 

Uptake transporter prodrug substrates have been used to improve drug absorption through GI tract. The most successful example is an antiviral prodrug valacyclovir, which shows oral bioavailability three to live times greater than its parent drug acyclovir (Weller et al., 1993). The increased oral bioavailability is attributed to PEPTl-mediated absorption, which was demonstrated by in situ rat perfusion model, Caco-2 cells, and PEPTl-transfected CHO cells (Balimane et al., 1998). 

AnIlherpes drugs Acyclovir 2.5-3.3 h Chronic High-dose chronic therapy has caused ciystalluria and renal tallure, leukopenia. Coma, seizures, renal tallure atter large acute overdoses. Hallucinations and confusion after IV administration. 

In a further study, citric acid has been found to form an amorphous mixture with the antiviral drug acyclovir upon co-precipitation from N, N-dimethylformamide (Masuda et al. 2012). The molar ratio of acyclovir and citric acid was determined to be 1 2 in the co-precipitates. The miscibility of the components in the amorphous mixture was indicated by a single Tg value (68 °C) and the presence of hydrogen bonding interactions between acyclovir and citric acid. The formation of the amorphous mixture offered a significant improvement of skin permeation flux of the amorphous form from a polyethylene glycol (PEG) ointment in vitro compared to crystalline acyclovir. 

Shetti NP, Malode SJ, Nandibewoor ST (2012) Electrochemical behavior of an antiviral drug acyclovir at fuUtaene-C-60-modified glassy carbon electrode. Bioelectrochemistry 88 76-83... 

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