Drug detection

Griseofulvin is the first antimycotic drug detected that is only active against dermatophytes. Its activity manifests as nuclear and mitotic abnormalities followed by distortions in the hyphal motphology. 

The chemical composition of C. sativa is very complex and about 500 compounds in this plant are known. A complete list can be found in [81] with some additional supplementations [2,82]. The complex mixture of about 120 mono- and sesquiterpenes is responsible for the characteristic smell of C. sativa. One of these terpenoic compounds, carophyllene oxide, is used as leading substance for hashish detection dogs to find C. sativa material [83]. It is a widespread error that dogs that are addicted to drugs are employed for drug detection. A9-THC is an odorless substance and cannot be sniffed by dogs. 

TABLE 1. Drugs detected in the specimens of male arrestees... 

B. Limoges, C. Degrand, and P.J. Brassier, Redox cationic or procationic labeled drugs detected at a perfluorosulfonated ionomer film-coated electrode. J. Electroanal. Chem. 402, 175-187 (1996). 

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) [3,12] is the most widely used instrument for drug detection. The sample is heated to vaporize the analyte, which is then ionized by atmospheric (ambient) pressure chemical ionization (APCI) [3]. The resulting gas-phase ions travel through a drift tube and are separated by their distinct velocities (mobilities) in a weak electrostatic field. IMS instruments use ambient air or nitrogen as the carrier gas, making it particularly adaptable to field applications. 

D. Blackburn, Counterdrug technology development program. Identification, demonstration, and assessment of drug detection technology, 2003. 

Fig. 5 Top. Diagram flow of the procedure adopted by Cecinato et al. [37, 46] to determine psychotropic substances. Bottom-. Drug detection through GC-MSD (EI-SIM) analysis of an airborne particulate organic extract, highly polar fraction. (Rome, 2006)...

Editor You have, for quite some time, worked in the laboratory and the field developing the MEDDS (Mechem1 Explosive and Drug Detection System) that has led to the REST (remote explosive sensing techniques) concept. What is the current state of development of these ... 

Mechem Explosive and Drug Detection System Microelectrical and mechanical systems Molecularly imprinted polymer Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mine removal vehicle Mass spectrometer... 

Fine] Fine, Cory K. Video tests are the new frontier in drug detection . Personnel Journel. June 1992. v71 n6 pl48(9). 

The major route of elimination of amphotericin B is by metabolism, with little intact drug detected in urine or bile. About 5% of amphotericin B is excreted in the urine as active drug, with drug still detectable in the urine 7 or more weeks after the last dose. Serum levels... 

First used for drug testing in 1983, gas chromatography is one of the most common methods of drug detection. The gas chromatography machine is able to analyze both urine and blood samples. The sample is first inserted into the machine and vaporized (turned into a gas). As it vaporizes, different metabolites within the sample vaporize at different times, called retention times. The time differences are recorded and... 

Warren R. Drugs detected in fatally injured drivers in the province of Ontario. In Goldberg L, ed. Alcohol, drugs, and traffic safety. Vol. 1. Stockholm Almquist and Wksell, 1981. 

The EPA has identified small quantities of more than 100 pharmaceuticals and personal-care products in samples of the nation s drinking water. Among the drugs detected are antibiotics, steroids, hormones and antidepressants. Last year, the Associated Press reported that trace amounts of drugs had been found in the water supplies of 24 major metropolitan areas, water piped to more than a million people in the Washington area had tested positive for six pharmaceuticals. 

Drug Detection Services - List of Testable Substances... 

Forensic scientists work with physical evidence, i.e., "data presented to a court or jury in proof of the facts in issue and which may include the testimony of witnesses, records, documents or objects. Physical evidence is real or tangible and can literally include almost anything, c.g.. the transient scent of perfume on the clothing or an assault victim the metabolite of a drug detected in die urine of an individual in a drtving-under-the-influence-of-drugs case the scene of an explosion or bullets removed from a murder victim s body. 

Compton, R.P., Field Evaluation of the Los Angeles Police Department Drug Detection Procedure, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Report DOT HS 807 012, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 1986. 

In some circumstances the use of pupillometry in drug detection appears reasonable. However, based on the experimental evidence cited above and a review of the literature, there are reservations about the use of pupillometry to detect recent ingestion of abused drugs. Several areas of concern and the limitations of the methodology are discussed below. 

---