Douglas fir oil

SYNS BALSAM FIR, OREGON BALSAM, OREGON FIR BALSAM OREGON DOUGLAS FIR OIL OILS, DOUGLAS FIR... 

Synonyms Balsam fir Oregon Balsam Oregon Balsams, Pseudotsuga menziesi Douglas fir oil Oregon balsam... 

Douglas fir oil and its monoterpenes have been claimed to attract deer and wild boar (Buchbauer... 

The ester content is much lower than that of the Colorado Douglas fir oil, but the odour is more fragrant. The oil contains dipentene or limonene, but if pinene is present, the quantity is very small, as practically nothing distils below 175°. 

Geographical variation in the terpene composition of the leaf oil of Douglas fir. 

Sources 1 D.H. Bennett, C.M. Falter and A.F. Campbell, Prediction of Effluent Characteristics, Use of Lime Treatments and Toxicity of the Proposed Ponderay Mill , Appendix in engineer s report on Effluent Characteristics for Washington State Department of Ecology, 1987. 2 D.F. Zinkel, Tall Oil Precursors of Loblolly Pine , Tappi, 1975, 58, 2, pp. 118-121. 3 R.W. Hemingway, P.J. Nelson and W.E. Hillis, Rapid Oxidation of the Fats and Resins in Pinus Radiata Chips for Pitch Control , Tappi, 1971, 54, 1, pp. 95-98. 4 D.O. Foster, D.F. Zinkel and A.H. Conner, Tall Oil Precursors of Douglas Fir , Tappi, 1980, 63, 12, pp. 103-105. 

Oh, H.K., Sakai, T., Jones, M. B., and Longhurst, W. M. (1967). Effect of various essential oils isolated from Douglas fir needles upon sheep and deer rumen microbial activity. 

In Scandinavia where Scots pine is the principal wood material in the kraft pulp industry, a normal yield of tall oil in the northern regions is at least 50 kg/ton of pulp but it is considerably lower in the middle or southern regions. In the United States, southern pines also give a tall oil yield of about 50 kg/ton of pulp whereas only about 30 kg/ton can be recovered from Douglas fir in the industry at the Pacific coast. 

The most interesting variant on the basic thermochemical liquefaction process involves the addition of an overpressure of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to the reaction, which is also performed in a non-aqueous solvent (anthracene oil or recycled product oil). Yields of oil up to 70% of the weight of the Douglas fir wood feedstock have been reported in an investigation by Elliott (4-8), Elliott and Walkup ( and Elliott and Giacoletto (10). This process variant (also known as the Albany, PERC, or CO-Steam Process) is described in more detail in the Results and Discussion section. 

Albany (1977-7979) Temperature, ( C) 290-370 Media Anthracene oil Gas CO Catalyst Na2C03 (5%) Residence Time, (min) 5-12 Feedstock Douglas Fir... 

The species Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir) consists of a coastal and an inland taxon. These meet in British Columbia and many intermediate plants exist. The two taxa also have distinct essential oil composition from leaf oil and cortical oleoresins. Samples from the Cascades of southern British Columbia and northern Washington are intermediate between the coastal and the inland taxa (von Rudloff, 1975). 

Buchbauer, G., L. Jirovetz, M. Wasicky, and A. Nikiforov, 1994. Comparative investigation of Douglas fir headspace samples, essential oils, and extracts (needles and twigs) using GC-FID and GC-FTIR-MS. J. Agric. Food Chem., 42 2852—2854. 

Germacrene D is considered a progenitor of many sesquiterpenoids, and it is itself a constituent of a large number of essential oils from plants as different as Pseudotsuga japonica, the Japanese Douglas fir, and the soft coral, Sinulara erecta. 

Natural molecules are almost invariably chiral, so all types of biological receptors—taste, odor, and drug receptors—are also chiral. This means that enantiomers interact differently with these receptors. For example, i -limonene, 7.59, is derived from citrus peel and has an odor of oranges. By contrast, 5-limonene is obtained from Douglas fir needle oil and smells of turpentine/pine. / Carvone, 7.60, has the odor of spearmint and is extracted from spearmint oil. S-Carvone is extracted from dill seeds and smells of caraway. Menthol, 7.61, is a... 

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