Chirality, also

Terpene chemists use trivial names for most of the compounds because the systematic names are much more complex. Common or trivial names, CAS Registry Numbers, and properties of selected terpenes and terpenoids are listed in Tables 2 and 3. Compounds that exhibit chirality also have other Registry Numbers for specific optical isomers. For commercial products, a material safety data sheet (MSDS), which is required by OSHA, frequendy lists multiple names such as a product name, trivial name, IUPAC name and the TSCA name. The MSDS is a good source of information about physical properties, potential health hazards, and other useful information for the safe handling of the materials. When the product is a mixture, the components and their amounts are usually listed along with their Registry Numbers. 

In a similar way we can prove that the embedded cell complex of the molecular (4,2)-torus link (see Figure 18) is topologically chiral. Also, by adding appropriate labels we can similarly prove the topological chirality of the oriented embedded cell complex of the molecular Hopf link (see Figure 19). 

Molecular chirality also affects the way in which self-assembly from chiral components occurs and the nature of the resulting supermolecular architecture. Three cases may be distinguished ... 

Optical activity was first observed with organic compounds having one or more chiral carbon atoms (or centres) (i.e. a carbon substituted with four different groups). In the structures (1) to (17) the chiral carbons are specified with an asterisk. Subsequently compounds having chiral centres at suitably substituted heteroatoms (e.g. silicon, germanium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, sulphur, etc.) were also synthesised. Molecular dissymmetry, and hence chirality, also... 

Besides molecular shapes and amphiphilicity, chirality also has a large influence on LC self assembly, leading to series of LC phases with helical superstructures, reduced symmetry, and chirality induced frustration [43-46]. 

This guest-induced chirality is discussed more easily with a dimer of type II (or III), that is chiral also when the direction of the carbonyl groups changes rapidly. 

The rods and tubules, described by Fuhrhop et al.,21 possess orientations analogous to that of the two-directional arborols. Lysine-based bolaphile 16 (Figure 4) generates a monolayer rod the addition of 11 methylene units and a second primary amide link to 16 gave the bolaam-phiphile 17 and resulted in a different supramolecular assembly. In general, 17 formed tubules rather than rods these tubules possess an internal dimension of ca. 50 nm and wall thickness of 4.4 nm.21 The presence of chirality also has an affect on these molecular assemblies, since racemic lysine bolaphile 16 did not result in rod or tubule formation. No effects due to the chiral purity were observed with 17. The effect... 

Chirality also has been introduced on the inline. After treatment with Na/NHg, 3-amino-2-azetidinones are obtained from reactions of (R)- or (5)-l-phe-nethylamine imines and zinc enolates of ethyl bis-silylaminoacetate 6.109 (R = Et) [131,1289]. In Et20, trans isomers are formed, while in THF-HMPA, cis isomers predominate. The facial selectivity depends upon the (R)- or ( configuration of the imine W-substituent (Figure 6.91). If the inline C-substituent R is h CsC, then the selectivity is lower. Cyclic transition-state models account for the observed selectivities. From the titanium enolate of 2-pyridylthioester Me2CHCOS-2-Py and benzaldehyde (S)-1 -phenethylimines 6.111, Cinquini, Cozzi and cowork-... 

Josefsson, M. Carlsson, B. Norlander, B. Fast chromatographic separation of (-)-menthyl chlorofor-mate derivatives of some chiral drugs, with special reference to amlodipine, on porous graphitic carbon. Chromatographia, 1993, 37, 129-132 [derivatization chiral also amlodipine, mexiletine, propranolol, sotalol]... 

Armstrong, D.W. Chen, S. Chang, C. Chang, S. A new approach for the direct resolution of racemic beta adrenergic blocking agents by HPLC. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 545-556 [chiral also alprenolol, carteolol, labetolol, metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, propranolol, timolol]... 

Schill, G. Wainer, I.W. Barkan, S.A. Chiral separation of cationic drugs on an al-acid glycoprotein bonded stationary phase. J.Liq.Chromatogr, 1986, 9, 641-666 [chiral also bromdiphenhydramine, brompheniramine, bupivacaine, butorphanol, carbinoxamine, chlorpheniramine, clidinium, cocaine, cyclopentolate, dimethindene, diperidone, disopyramide, doxylamine, ephedrine, homatropine, labe-talol B, labetalol, labetalol A, mepensolate, mepivacaine, methadone, methorphan, methylatropine, methylhomatropine, methylphenidate, metoprolol, nadolol, nadolol A, nadolol B, oxprenolol, oxy-phencyclimine, phenmetrazine, phenoxybenzamine, promethazine, pronethalol, propoxyphene, propranolol, pseudoephedrine, terbutaline, tocainide, tridihexethyl]... 

Hermansson, J. Grahn, A. Resolution of racemic drugs on a new chiral column based on silica-immobilized cellobiohydrolase. Characterization of the basic properties of the column. J. Chromatogr., 1994, 687, 45-59 [chiral also acebutolol, atenolol, hetaxolol, bisoprolol, carbuterol, cathinone, dobutamine, dopropizine, epanolol, epinephrine, laudanosine, metanephrine, metoprolol, moprolol, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, octopamine, oxybutynine, pamatolol, practolol, prilocaine, propafenone, prox-yphylline, sotalol, talinolol, tetrahydropapaveroline, tetramisole, timolol, tolamolol, toliprolol]... 

Haginaka, J. Kanasugi, N. Enantioselectivity of bovine serum albiunin-bonded columns produced with isolated protein fragments. J.Chromatogr.A, 1995, 694, 71-80 [chiral also benzoin, dorazepate, fen-oprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, lorazepam, lormetazepam, oxazepam, pranoprofen, temazepam, warfarin]... 

Hermansson, J. Erikson, M. Direct liquid chromatographic resolution of acidic drugs using a chiral al-acid glycoprotein column (Enantiopac). J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1986, 9, 621-639 [chiral also bendroflu-methiazide, disopyramide, ethotoin, hexobarbital, ketoprofen, naproxen, 2-phenoxypropionic acid, RAC 109]... 

H5fun, M.H. Ryoo, J.-J. Cho, Y.J. Jin, J.S. Unusual examples of the liquid chromatographic resolution of racemates. Resolution of n-donor analytes on a ir-donor chiral stationary phase. J.ChromatognA, 1995, 692, 91-96 [chiral also alminoprofen, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen]... 

Hagineika, J. Murashima, T. Fujima, H. Wada, H. Direct injection assay of drug enantiomers in serum on ovomucoid-bonded silica materials by liquid chromatography. J.Chromatogn, 1993,620,199—204 [direct injection serum chiral also benzoin, chlorpheniramine, oxazepam]... 

Schill, G. Wainer, I.W. Barkan, S.A. Chiral separation of cationic drugs on an al-acid glycoprotein bonded stationary phase. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1986, 9, 641-666 [chiral also atropine, bromdiphen-... 

Pirkle, W.H. Welch, C.J. Lamm, B. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of an improved enantioselective naproxen selector. J.Org.Chem., 1992, 57, 3854-3860 [chiral also carprofen, cicloprofen, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, pirprofen, tiaprofenic acid]... 

---