Phencyclidine distribution

Phencyclidine (1 -[1-phenylcyclohexyl]pi peridine HC1 PCP) and its active derivatives produce unique behavioral effects in animals and psychotomimetic effects in humans. Drugs of this class have been demonstrated to bind saturably, reversibly, and with high affinity to specific binding sites in brain (Hampton et al. 1982 Quirion et al. 1981 Sircar and Zukin 1983 Vincent et al. 1979 Zukin and Zukin 1979). These sites have been shown to exhibit a characteristic heterogeneous regional distribution pattern (Quirion et al. 1981 Sircar et al., submitted for publication Zukin and Zukin 1979) distinct from that of any other receptor type. 

Contreras, P.G. Quirion, R. and O Donohue, T.L. Comparison of the binding and regional distribution of sigma opioid and phencyclidine receptors. Soc Neuro Sci Abst. in press. 

Contreras, P.C. Quirion, R. O Donohue, T.L. Autoradiographic distribution of phencyclidine receptors in the rat brain using (3H)TCP. Submitted for publication. 

P11 a p11, C. Contreras, P. O Donohue, T.L. and Quirion, R. Autoradiographic distribution of 3H-dexoxadrol, a phencyclidine-related ligand, binding sites in rat and human brain. Neurosci Lett. in press. 

Khor, S. P., Bozigian, H., Mayersohn, M., Potential error in the measurement of tissue to blood distribution coefficients in physiological pharmacokinetic modeling residual tissue blood. II. Distribution of phencyclidine in the rat, Drug Metab. Dispos. 1991, 19, 486—490. 

In pharmaceutically pure form, SNA Is a white powder that dissolves readily in water. When distributed Illicitly, phencyclidine,... 

Two recent reviews 22 contain considerable information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of phencyclidine. 

Phencyclidine, PCP, or l-(l-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine, is an arylcyclohexamine with structural similarities to ketamine. It is a lipophilic weak base with a pKa of 8.5. Phencyclidine was originally synthesized and marketed under the trade name Semyl by Parke-Davis for use as an intravenously administered anesthetic agent in humans. Distribution began in 1963 but was discontinued in 1965 due to a high incidence (10 to 20%) of post-operative delirium and psychoses. However, its use continued as a veterinary tranquilizer for large animals until 1978, when all manufacture was prohibited and PCP was placed in Schedule II of the federal Controlled Substances Act (1970). 

Wessinger, W.D. Martin, B.R. and Balster, R.L. Discriminative stimulus properties and brain distribution of phencyclidine in rats following administration by injection and smoke inhalation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 23 607-612,... 

Abuse of psychoactive chemicals can result in neurotoxic effects that are difficult to treat medically. Successful therapy is often hindered by the lack of useful antagonists for many of these chemicals and by the extensive distribution of these chemicals out of the bloodstream. Although there are treatments for opiate addiction and an antagonist for opiate overdose, there are no such medical treatments for most drugs of abuse such as phencyclidine (PCP) and cocaine. Therefore, this chapter focuses on recent advances in immunotherapy which suggest this novel approach could be beneficial in the treatment of drug abuse. 

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