Genotoxicity , dioxin

GiriAK. 1986. Mutagenic and genotoxic effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin A review. MutatRes 168 241-242. 

Rosenberg C, Nylund L, Aalto T, et al. 1991. Volatile organohalogen compounds from the bleaching of pulp occurence and genotoxic potential in the work environment. Tenth International Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds 1990, Part 2, Bayreuth, Germany, Sept 10-14,... 

The selection of the most appropriate assumptions is critical in any environmental risk assessment. Often, as few as one, two or three assumptions or factors can dominate the results of the assessment. Clearly, in the health assessment of dioxin in soil, the most critical parameters are the quantity of soil ingested by children and adults, the results of the mathematical modeling of the bioassay data, consideration for dioxin s lack of genotoxicity, and dioxin s lower bioavailability in a soil matrix. Other assumptions used in the assessment are also important but generally they do not alter the results by 2-3 orders of magnitude as do those which have been discussed. 

Fig. 6 TSP related toxicities PAH (sum of 28 substances) calculated dioxin-like toxicity (TEQ fg m ), genotoxicity Gen, reciprocal minimum genotoxic concentration, (MGC m ml ) ), dioxin-like activity AhR, 10 bioTEQ fg m ), antiestrogenicity AE, (IC25 m ml ) ), together with particulate matter mass (m, pg m ) and specific surface (5, 10 m g ) at sites in the Brno area, airport (rural), city (urban), Kyjov (urban), and Ivan (rural)...

Genotoxicity and AhR-mediated (i.e. dioxin-like) activity were found in aU size classes at all 4 sites in the Bmo area in similar magnitudes, i.e. the total suspended particulate matter (TSP) toxicity at rural sites was not lower than at urban sites (Fig. 6). Note, that also TSP mass and specific surface were not lower at rural sites. Activities were found in general highest in the small size ranges (Fig. 7). This... 

Most wastewater streams contain significant amounts of carcinogenic, toxic, mutagenic, or genotoxic substances in addition to conventional pollutants. These harmful compounds originate from industrial processes and households. Some of these toxic chemicals may also exhibit endocrine-disrupting effects. Therefore, organic micropollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), nonylphenol, xenobiotics, dioxins, pesticides, and heavy metals create important environmental health risks [3-7]. 

The effluents from the bleaching process contain chlorinated organic compounds and cannot be disposed of by combustion with the spent cooking liquor. It pollutes the waste water stream with its oxygen demand and its toxic and genotoxic effects, it may even contain polychlorinated dibenzo-ftirans and dibenzo-p-dioxins in small concentrations. The stability of the chloro-organic compounds inaeases its biological and environmental persistence and this increases the tendency to bioconcentration in... 

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