Dihydroergotoxin

Today, 2-bromo-a-ergocryptine (bromocriptine) is the second (after dihydroergotoxine) most extensively used compound from the group of ergot alkaloids. 

Dihydroergotoxine methane sulfonate, 7,81 Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, 2,199 Diperodon,6,99... 

After intravenous administration, dihydroergotoxine aikaioids show maximai uptake in viscerai organs (10-5 M) and the centrai nervous system (10-7 M), and concentrations increase with repeated administration (Iwangoff et ai. 1978). Maximai piasma concentrations of ergoioids occur approximateiy 2 hours after orai administration (Aeiiig and Nuesch 1977). Eiimination haif-iife varies from 1.4 to 6.2 hours for the aipha phase and from 13 to 50 hours for the beta phase. 

Izumiyama K, Kogure K. (1988). Effect of dihydroergotoxine mesylate (Hydergine) on delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus. Acta Neurol Scand. 78(3) 214-20. 

It is an ergot derivative with activity similar to that of dihydroergotoxine. 

Dihydroergotoxine, a mixture of dihydro-K-ergocryptine and three similar dihydrogenated peptide ergot alkaloids (ergoloid mesylates), has been promoted for many years for the relief of senility and more recently for the treatment of Alzheimer s dementia. There is no useful evidence that this drug has significant benefit. 

The ergotoxine alkaloid mixture also has oxytocic and vasoconstrictor activity but is only employed medicinally as the 9,10-dihydro derivatives dihydroergotoxine (co-dergocrine), a mixture in equal proportions of dihydroergocornine, dihydroergocristine, and the dihydroergocryptines (a- and p- in the ratio 2 1). In the case of these alkaloids, reduction of the double bond appears to reverse the vasoconstrictor effect, and dihydroergotoxine has a cerebral vasodilator activity. The increased blood flow is of benefit in some cases of senility and mild dementia, and helps to improve both mental function and physical performance. 

ERGOLOID MESYLATES (DIHYDROGENATED ERGOT ALKALOIDS DIHYDROERGOTOXINE)... 

Common Name Dihydroergotoxine Dihydrogenated ergot alkaloids Structural Formula ... 

Hunt JP, Shah VP, Prasad VK, Schuirmann DJ, Cabana BE. 1981. Dissolution profiles and specifications for dihydroergotoxine sublingual tablets using a new in vitro method. J. Pharm. Sci. 70(7) 796-798. 

A new efficient method for the direct amidation of /-lysergic acid was used to prepare a variety of lysergamides. A pharmacological evaluation of these compounds, their di- and tetrahydro derivatives, and derivatives bearing substituents in the indole portion of the molecule showed that, in general, only 9,10-dihydrolysergamides of primary amines possess activity comparable to the potent emetic activity of the components of dihydroergotoxine. 

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