Digital Gold

The development of a sensor for ozone (O3) and NO2 with measurable responses to less than 10 ppb was reported by Wilhams (2009). The sensor is based on a film of tungsten oxide (WO3) of 90 pm thickness screen-printed on inter-digitated gold electrodes. The author reported that the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor is strongly related to maintaining a consistent... 

Rabiner LR, Gold B (1975) Theory and application of digital signal processing. Prentice Hall, New Jersey... 

Stump, R.F., Pfeiffer, J.R., Schneebeck, M.C., Seagrave, J.C., and Oliver, J.M. (1989) Mapping gold-labeled receptors on cell surfaces by backscattered electron imaging and digital image analysis Studies of the IgE receptor on mast cells. Am. J. Anat. 185, 128-141. 

According to the standard procedure adopted, the suspension was shaken at 25 °C for 72 hours, and centrifuged (10,000 x g) and the remaining solid was drained and dried under vacuum at room temperature. The dried adsorbed material was powdered and sprinkled on the sample holder of a Zeiss DSM 960 Digital Scanning Microscope which was then submitted to gold sputtering with a Sputter Coater Balzers SCD 050. 

Tierney et al., 1971] Tierney, J., Rader, C. M., and Gold, B. (1971). A Digital Frequency Synthesizer. IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoustics, AU-19 48-56. 

In an efficient digital simulation, lumped loss factors of the form Gk (0)) are approximated by a rational frequency response Gk(c,mT). In general, the coefficients of the optimal rational loss filter are obtained by minimizing I Ylk (go) - Gk d r ) I with respect to the filter coefficients or the poles and zeros of the filter. To avoid introducing frequency-dependent delay, the loss filter should be a zero-phase, finite-impluse-response (FIR) filter [Rabiner and Gold, 1975], Restriction to zero phase requires the impulse response g.k(n) to be finite in length (i.e., an FIR filter) and it must be symmetric about time zero, i.e., ) k(-n) = gk(n). In most implementations, the zero-phase FIR filter can be converted into a causal, linear phase filter by reducing an adjacent delay line by half of the impulse-response duration. 

Rabiner and Gold, 1975] Rabiner, L. R. and Gold, B. (1975). Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 

Some medical offices now use a digital apparatus to test blood pressure, reducing the environmental impact of mercury. But the mercury sphygmomanometer is still considered the gold standard and is used to calibrate the accuracy of other devices. 

Chen, F., Lu, J., Binder, B. J., Liu, Y., and Hodson, R. E. (2001). Application of digital image analysis and flow cytometry to enumerate marine viruses stained with SYBR Gold. Appi Environ. Microbiol. 67, 539-545. 

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