Diffraction X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

The pros and cons of oxidative dehydrogenation for alkene synthesis using doped cerianites as solid oxygen carriers are studied. The hydrogen oxidation properties of a set of ten doped cerianite catalysts (Ce0.9X0.1Oy, where X = Bi, In, La, Mo, Pb, Sn, V, W, Y, and Zr) are examined under cyclic redox conditions. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, adsorption measurements, and temperature programmed reduction are used to try and clarify structure-activity relationships and the different dopant effects. 

X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and XAFS Spectroscopy Study 741... 

Thermal analysis, together with other methods (x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), provides more accurate information on metal speciation than extraction methods (Section 4.3). 

Oxide nanopartides, unlike nanopartides of metals, display an expansion in their lattice parameters in comparison with the bulk. Tsunekawa et al. have examined sub-10 nm Ce02 and sub-100 nm BaTi03 nanopartides using a combination of electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio computer simulations. They find that in the Ce02 system, the lattice expansion arises from a decrease in Ce valence, whilst in the BaTi03 system, the decreasing Ti-0 covalency with decreasing particle size results in the expanded lattice. 

It appears interesting to investigate vanadia doped sulfated Ti-pillared clay for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by anmionia and to compare their performance with sulfated Ti-pillared clay and vanadia doped Ti-pillared clay. In this work, all the catalysts were synthesized under identical conditions and were characterized by different techniques. These techniques included surface area measurement, pore size distribution, X-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TPD-NH3 and chemical analysis of Ti retained by the clay. The catalysts were then tested in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by ammonia in the presence of oxygen at different temperatures. 

In this study, suboxides of vanadia catalysts were used in pentane, pentene, dicyclopentadiene and cyclopentane oxidation reactions. In the previous phase of the work [12,13], the role of alkali promoters on the catalyst selectivity was examined. The catalysts were reduced in situ at different temperatures and the effect of pre-reduction temperature was investigated. Controlled-atmosphere characterization of pre-reduction, post-reduction, and post-reaction catalysts were performed using X-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption experiments. The objectives of this study were to determine the activity and selectivity of different suboxides of vanadia in... 

The activity of a series of Pt/VK /SIO for the NO-CO reaction has been studied using in-situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. It was found that high loadings of WO3 promote the activity of Pt for this reaction. Catalyst characterization studies, conducted by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, CO chemisorption, and transmission electron microscopy, indicate that Pt was decorated by an overlayer of partially reduced W0X. The increased activity can be quantitatively related via a two site mechanism involving Pt sites and adlineation sites formed at the interface between the overlayers and Pt. 

Decomposition as discussed in this section has been studied by optical methods, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared absorption. Although this section is concerned to a large extent with disorder resulting from decomposition of the metal sublattice, i.e., metal colloids, all types of disorder remaining after irradiation are considered, and some attention is given to the decomposition of the anion sub lattice. The decomposition of the anion sublattice of small band gap azides is considered in much greater detail in Section E dealing with gas evolution (primarily N2). 

X-ray absorption near edge structure X-ray emission spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron diffraction X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray diffraction X-ray reflection X-ray standing wave... 

Lamouri A, Gofer Y, Luo Y, Chottiner GS, Scherson DA. Low energy electron diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and CO-temperature-programmed desorption characterization of bimetallic mtheninm-platinum surfaces prepared by chemical vapor deposition. J Phys Chem B 2001 105 6172-7. 

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) containing 10% dibutyl sebacate plasticiser, as used in the constmction of flexible oil and gas pipelines, was exposed to raised temperatures for prolonged periods of time, to acid etching and to various tensile deformation regimes. The effects of these treatments on crystallinity and surface properties of this material were examined in the light of analytical data obtained by FTIR, DSC, X-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, goniometry and a variety of microscopy techniques. 36 refs. 

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