Diethyleneglycol

QHsNjO, OCCH CH.ONO ),. Formed by the nitration of diethyleneglycol. Viscous, colourless, odourless liquid m.p. — ll-5" C. Used to replace nitroglycerin as a propellant. 

The following liquids may be used (boiling points are given in parentheses) — chlorobenzene (132-3°) bromobenzene (155°) p cymene (176°) o-dichloro-benzene (180°) aniline (184°) methyl benzoate (200°) teti-alin (207°) ethyl benzoate (212°) 1 2 4-trichlorobenzene (213°) iaopropyl benzoate (218°) methyl salicylate (223°) n-propyl benzoate (231°) diethyleneglycol (244°) n-butyl benzoate (250°) diphenyl (255°) diphenyl ether (259°) dimethyl phth ate (282°) diethyl phthalate (296°) diphenylamine (302°) benzophenone (305)° benzyl benzoate (316°). 

Triiodobenzoates. The derivatives enumerated above are unsatisfactory for alcohol - ethers, e.g., the mono-ethers of ethyleneglycol ( cellosolves ) and the mono-ethers of diethyleneglycol ( car-bitols ) (see Table 111,27). Crystalline derivatives of alcohol - ethers are readily obtained with 3 4 5-triiodobenzoyl chloride (for preparation, see Section VII,21), for example ... 

The monoalkyl ethers with R = CHj, CjHj and C4H, , known respectively as methyl ceUoaolve, ceUosolve and hutyl cellosolve, are of great commercial value, particularly as solvents, since they combine the properties of alcohols and ethers and are miscible with water. Equally important compounds are the carbitols (monoalkyl ethers of diethyleneglycol) prepared by the action of ethylene oxide upon the monoethers of ethylene glycol ... 

The classical procedure for the Wolff-Kishner reduction—i.e. the decomposition of the hydrazone in an autoclave at 200 °C—has been replaced almost completely by the modified procedure after Huang-Minlon The isolation of the intermediate is not necessary with this variant instead the aldehyde or ketone is heated with excess hydrazine hydrate in diethyleneglycol as solvent and in the presence of alkali hydroxide for several hours under reflux. A further improvement of the reaction conditions is the use of potassium tcrt-butoxide as base and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent the reaction can then proceed already at room temperature. ... 

This benzene solution is then added to an equimolecular solution of the monosodium derivative of diethyleneglycol in a considerable excess of diethyleneglycol. The benzene is removed by distillation and the residue is heated in a boiling water-bath with agitation for 3 hours. 

The excess diethyleneglycol is removed in vacuo and the residue dissolved in water and then in benzene. The benzene extract is washed several times in water, then purified in vacuo. The 1-p-chlorobenzhydryl-4-<2 -[2"- 2" -hydroxyethoxy)-ethoxy] -ethyDpiperazine obtained distills at 250°C/0.01 mm Hg. 

Glycol methacrylates (and retention times [RTs]) ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (RT = 13 min), diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (RT = 18 min), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (RT = 22 min), and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate... 

Barsky also used as a plasticizer, a compn prepd by heating a mixt of pelargonic acid 80, caprylic acid 15, and heptoic acid 5%, with a mixt of diethyleneglycol and triethyleneglycol in equal proportions... 

Yu M, Nowak AP, Deming TJ, Pochan DJ (1999) Methylated mono- and diethyleneglycol functionalized polylysines nonionic, alpha-helical, water-soluble polypeptides. J Am Chem Soc 121 12210-12211... 

Alcohols react violently with solid calcium hypochlorite, usually causing an ignition. Sometimes very irritant fumes form. Such behaviour was mentioned with methanol, ethanol, glycerol and monoethers of diethyleneglycol. It was assumed that hypochlorites were formed. 

Butoxyethanol Dimethoxyethane Diethyleneglycol Dihydropyran 2-Methoxyethanol Di butyl ether 01 pentyl ether Triethyleneglycol... 

---