Dietary manipulation

Figure 7. A serotonergic synapse including a depiction of the acute tryptophan depletion method discussed in the text. All large neutral amino acids (SLNAAs) share a common blood-brain barrier transporter. The serotonergic precursor, tryptophan, essentially competes with the other LNAAs for transport. Thus tryptophan is uniquely susceptible to acute dietary manipulation. Numerous serotonergic receptor types exist, including presynaptic S-HTm and (somatodendritic) 5-HTia autoreceptors and postsynaptic 5-HTia, 5-HTid, 5-HT2a 5-HT2c 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors. Additional modulation of serotonin activity can occur via the action of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRls) including fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and citalopram.

A. OTC is a metabolic enzyme required to break down ammonia. Total lack of this enzyme leads to death shortly after birth owing to a buildup of ammonia. The partial presence of OTC also leads to accumulation of ammonia, which can be controlled by drugs and dietary intake. The genetic cause of this disease, its morbidity, and the need for rapid production of OTC by adenoviral vectors may extend the life span of OTC-deficient newborns to allow for drug treatment and dietary manipulation. Jesse Gelsinger, the 18-year-old patient who was the first patient to die on a phase I gene therapy trial, had OTC deficiency. 

Clearly, care must be exercised to ensure that dietary manipulation and supplementation do not produce oral loads able to swamp the body s defenses. For the reasons outlined above, a decision tree has been developed to assist in the risk assessment of botanical products. ... 

Although acarbose often causes abdominal complaints, dietary manipulation has not been used to reduce the complaints (47). 

Reilly T, Woodbridge V. Effects of moderate dietary manipulation on swim performance and on blood lactate—swimming velocity curves. Int J Sports Med 1999 20 93-97. 

Cumming, R.B. (1989) Further studies on the dietary manipulation of coccidiosis. Australian Poultry Science Symposium, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, pp. 96. 

Addresses dietary manipulation and the role of phytochemical medicinals or supplements in health... 

This discussion of starvation illustrates the complex problems of interpreting the results of even well controlled experiments on single dietary manipulations. It also shows the difficulties of extrapolating results from one set of environmental conditions to another. Clearly, such extrapolation is hazardous in assessing the contribution of any single dietary factor to large interindividual variations in metabolism of model drugs. Other approaches must be... 

The amelioration of symptoms during dietary elimination of suspected foods provides presumptive evidence of causality. Finally, a trial with elimination diet may be useful to determine if a disorder with frequent or chronic symptoms is responsive to dietary manipulations especially in atopic dermatitis, respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms (Diagnostic Criteria for Food Allergy ESPGN, 1992 Kaczmarski et al., 1997 Sicherer and Sampson, 1999b Bahna, 2002b). 

The gastrointestinal manifestations of primary hereditary delayed-onset hypolactasia, while uncomfortable, are not life threatening and can be completely eliminated by dietary manipulation. Is lactose intolerance a serious health issue or just a nuisance In certain circumstances, specifically at the extremes of life (infancy and old age) lactose maldigestion may have grave health consequences. 

Treatments for autoimmune disease have traditionally been immunosuppressive, antiinflammatory or palliative. Non-immunological therapies, such as hormone replacement in Hashimoto s thyroiditis, treat the outcomes of the autoaggressive response. Dietary manipulation limits the severity of coeliac disease. Steroidal or NSAID treatment limits the inflammatory symptoms of many diseases. 

Lurm, P. G., and Austin, S. (1983). Dietary manipulation of plasma albumin concentration. /. Nutr. 113,1791-1802. 

Calculations of heme and nonheme iron and dietary manipulations of these two categories are believed to offer the means to improve the... 

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