Dichloro ethylene

The palladium chloride process for oxidizing olefins to aldehydes in aqueous solution (Wacker process) apparendy involves an intermediate anionic complex such as dichloro(ethylene)hydroxopalladate(II) or else a neutral aqua complex PdCl2 (CH2=CH2)(H2 0). The coordinated PdCl2 is reduced to Pd during the olefin oxidation and is reoxidized by the cupric—cuprous chloride couple, which in turn is reoxidized by oxygen, and the net reaction for any olefin (RCH=CH2) is then... 

Examples 1,3-Butadiene 1,1-Dichloro-ethylene Isopropyl ether Other ethers Alkali metals Examples Most organic and inorganic materials are not peroxide forming... 

Uses Solvent for uncured rubber, polyvinyl chlorides, vinyl chloride copolymers, 1,1-dichloro-ethylene copolymers, polyurethane coatings natural resins topcoating solutions cellophane magnetic tapes adhesives printing inks organic synthesis. 

Other systems for which the results cannot be explained by energy transfer include the ketone sensitized isomerization of / -methylstyrene, 1,2-dichloro-ethylene and 2-butene studied by Caldwell,147,148 deuterium exchange between acetone-d8 and tetramethylethylene reported by Japar, Pomerantz, and Abrahamson,149 and the acetone sensitized isomerization of 1-methoxy-l-butene examined by Turro and Wriede.71... 

DICHLORO- ETHYLENE Acetylene Dichloride, Sym-Dichloroethylene, Dioform, cis- or trans- 1,2-Dichloroethylene Flammable Liquid, II 2 3 2... 

Kanz, M.F., Wlhtehead, R.F., Ferguson, A.E. Moslen, M.T. (1988) Potentiation of 1,1-dichloro-ethylene hepatotoxicity comparative effects of hyperthyroidism and fasting. Toxicol, appl. Pharmacol., 95, 93-103... 

Okine, L.K.N. Gram. T.E. (1986) Tissue distribution and covalent binding of [ 0] 1.1 -dichloro-ethylene in mice in vivo and in vitro studies. Adv. exp. Aled. Biol., 197, 903-910... 

The point (a) is demonstrated by the data in Table 11 for 2-halobutanes which give three products 1-butene, cis-2-butene and frans-2-butene. The differences in selectivities can be even larger than indicated by these data. The dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane yields 1,2-dichloro-ethylene (I) and trans- and ci s-l,2-dichloroethylene (II). On silica—alumina, the value of the ratio I/II was 10 3, on alumina, 0.30 and on KOH— Si02,10 [66]. 

Ethene and ethane account for 80% of the mass of the hydrocarbons identified as products. Trace amounts of methane and acetylene are also produced (Orth and Gillham, 1996). The reduction of PCE forms cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE), frans-l,2-DCE, 1,1-DCE, vinyl chloride, ethylene, dichloroacetylene, acetylene, ethene, ethane, chloroacetylene, methane, and several alkenes ranging from C3 to C6. The trace amounts of dichloro-ethylene and vinyl chloride formed during the reduction of PCE and TCE are further reduced (Burris et al., 1995). Reaction rates vary with substrate, chemical, and microbiological conditions. Selected f1/2 values are provided in Table 13.3. 

The vinyldisilane (XXVIII) undergoes chloroplatinic acid-catalyzed hydrosilation with trimethylsilane with great ease at 40° C to give (/J-tri-methylsilylethyl)pentamethyldisilane in 93% yield, which can also be obtained in 80% yield by the addition of pentamethyldisilane to vinyl-trimethylsilane in the presence of tra r-dichloro(ethylene)(pyridine)-platinum(II) as catalyst in benzene at 45° C (128). 

Endrin aldehyde Ethane, chloro- (ethyl chloride) Ethane, 1,2-Dibromo-Ethane, 1,1-Dichloro- (ethylene dichloride)... 

Schafer A, Bouwer EJ. Toluene induced cometabolism of cis-l,2-dichloro-ethylene and vinyl chloride under conditions expected downgradient of a permeable Fe(0) barrier. Water Res 2000 34 3391-3399. 

P. R. Lawrence, T. R. Proctor, and P. Politzer, Int. ]. Quantum Chem., 26, 425 (1984). Reactive Properties of rrans-Dichloro-oxirane in Relation to Carcinogenicities of Vinyl Chloride and truns-Dichloro-ethylene. J. S. Murray and P. Politzer, Int. J. Quantum Chem., 31, 569 (1987). A Computational Study of Isomerization Equilibria Relation to Vinyl Chloride Carcinogenicity. P. Politzer and J. S. Murray, in Reviews in Computational Chemistry, Vol. 2, K. B. Lipkowitz and D. B. Boyd, Eds., VCH Publishers, New York, 1991, pp. 273—312. Molecular Electrostatic Potentials and Chemical Reactivity. 

Similar reaction with benzaldehyde or pivalaldehyde led to 6-phenyl- and 6-/-butyl-dibenzo[//,g][l,3,6]trithiocins 133 in good yields (Scheme 34 <1998BCJ1187>). Reaction of bis(o-mercapto)phenyl sulfide with 1,2-rxr-dichloro-ethylene produced 6-methylenedibenzo[//,g][l,3,6]trithiocine 11 as a mixture with 18-membered product 134 instead of an expected nine-membered dibenzo[3/][l,4,7]trithionine <1999T10057>. 

Up tu thia point wc ve discussed only homopolynere—polymers that are made up of identicnl repeating units. In practice, however, copofymers are more important commercially. Copolynkoni are obtained when two or more dineront monomers ore ultowed to polymen to u ther Fur example, copolymerization of vinyl ch oride with vinytidene chloride tl.l>dichloro-ethylene) in a 1 4 ratio leads to the well-known polymer 3aran. 

SYNS CHLORURE de VINYLIDENE (FRENCH) 1-1-DCE 1,1-DICHLOROETHENE 1,1-DICHLORO-ETHYLENE NCI-C54262 RCRA WASTE NUMBER U078 SCONATEX VDC VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE (II) VINYLIDENE DICHLORIDE VINYLIDIKE CHLORIDE... 

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