Dibutyl phosphate plasticiser

Comparison of Table 5.4 and 5.7 allows the prediction that aromatic oils will be plasticisers for natural rubber, that dibutyl phthalate will plasticise poly(methyl methacrylate), that tritolyl phosphate will plasticise nitrile rubbers, that dibenzyl ether will plasticise poly(vinylidene chloride) and that dimethyl phthalate will plasticise cellulose diacetate. These predictions are found to be correct. What is not predictable is that camphor should be an effective plasticiser for cellulose nitrate. It would seem that this crystalline material, which has to be dispersed into the polymer with the aid of liquids such as ethyl alcohol, is only compatible with the polymer because of some specific interaction between the carbonyl group present in the camphor with some group in the cellulose nitrate. 

The hydrohalide is liable to dehydrochlorination, particularly when moist acid is used in its preparation, so that hydrochloric acid acceptors such as lead carbonate are useful stabilisers. Dibutyl phthalate and tritolyl phosphate are effective plasticisers. Rubber hydrochloride is used as a packaging film (Pliofilm) and as a rubber-to-metal bonding agent (e.g. Typly). 

Hardeners such as amines and anhydrides include many sensitizers. See the sections on epoxy, acrylate and and urethane resins. Triethylamine may irritate and sensitize (Bittersohl and Heberer 1978). Benzoyl peroxide, p-methoxy phenol and hydroquinone are used as accelerators and inhibitors of polymerization (see the chapters on epoxy resin compounds and acrylics in this book). Of the other additives, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinatey a surfactant, is a potential, rare sensitizer (Fischer 1986), as are dibutyl phthalate and triphenyl phosphate, used as plasticisers (Hjorth 1964). 

Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, 1% pet (polyurethane finishes 0.1% pet may lead to false-negative results) Dibutyl phthalate, 5% pet (plasticiser in finishes) Tricresyl phosphate, 5% pet (plasticiser in finishes) Additional dyes, 1% pet (depends on individual cases ... 

On the other hand, GC, because of the physical separation it effects, furnishes both a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of polymer-plasticiser mixtures with almost the same ease as the analysis of plasticisers alone, and this is discussed further in Chapter 5.1. It suffices to submit the sample, prepared as for the pyrolysis of plastics, to a controlled pyrolysis in order to disengage the vaporised plasticisers. The polymer is partially degraded, but its pyrolysis products were in all the cases studied by Guiochon and Hennicker [82] much lighter than the plasticisers and in no way prevented their separation and identification. Figure 4.18 shows the separation obtained of four plasticisers (a) dibutyl succinate, (b) tributyl phosphate, (c) dimethyl sebacate and (d) diethyl phthalate and the pyrolysis products of polyvinyl chloride. The latter are eluted during the first minute of operation. 

PVC Plasticisers Dibutyl phthalate Di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate Di-iso decyl phthalate Tricresyl phosphate [347]... 

Ester plasticisers, e.g. dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, Tricresyl phosphate. 

---