Lidocaine Diazepam

Chloroacetyl chloride Chlordiazepoxide HCI Clemizole Diazepam LIdocaine Lorazepam Mianserin Tromantidine HCI... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with alcohol, aminophylline, aspirin, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, lidocaine, phenytoin, propranolol, warfarin... 

Cocaine intoxication has become a common problem in hospital emergency rooms. Which one of the following drugs is not likely to be of any value in the management of cocaine overdose (A) Dantrolene Diazepam Lidocaine Naltrexone Nitroprusside... 

Chloroacetyl chloride Chlordiazepoxide HCl Clemizole Diazepam Lidocaine Lorazepam Mianserin Tromantidine HCl... 

Lisinopril, procainamide Doxacatel, ritonavir, tetracycline Ciclosporin, diazepam, lidocaine... 

An 8-month-old boy who had been given oral modifled-release theophylline and additional aminophylline suppositories developed convulsive status epilepticus [96 ]. A combination of diazepam, lidocaine, and thiopental was required to stop the convulsion. A pharmacokinetic study showed that the use of the mod-ified-release formula would have given a plasma concentration of no more than 15 mg/ 1, but that the addition of aminophylline would have increased it to over 20 mg/1. 

Highly protein-bound drugs In vivo, raloxifene did not affect the binding of warfarin, phenytoin, or tamoxifen. However, use caution when raloxifene is coadministered with other highly protein-bound drugs, such as diazepam, diazoxide, and lidocaine. 

Omeprazole can inhibit the metabolism of drugs metabolised mainly by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme subfamily 2C (diazepam, phenytoin), but not of those metabolished by subfamilies lA (caffeine, theophylline), 2D (metoprolol, propranolol), and 3A (ciclosporin, lidocaine (lignocaine), quinidine). Since relatively few drugs are metabolised mainly by 2C compared with 2D and 3A, the potential for omeprazole to interfere with the metabolism of other drugs appears to be limited, but the half lives of diazepam and phenytoin are prolonged as much as by cimetidine. 

Lidocaine s most common adverse effects—like those of other local anesthetics—are neurologic paresthesias, tremor, nausea of central origin, lightheadedness, hearing disturbances, slurred speech, and convulsions. These occur most commonly in elderly or otherwise vulnerable patients or when a bolus of the drug is given too rapidly. The effects are dose-related and usually short-lived seizures respond to intravenous diazepam. In general, if plasma levels above 9 mcg/mL are avoided, lidocaine is well tolerated. 

The cardiac arrhythmias are life-threatening, so the patient must be closely monitored, with facilities available for possible resuscitation. Drugs such as quinidine and procainamide are contraindicated, but lidocaine, propranolol, or phenytoin has been used safely and effectively. The arterial blood gas levels, pH, and electrolyte concentrations should be monitored so that metabolic acidosis or hypokalemia can be identified that would further aggravate the arrhythmias. Electrical pacing may be required if the antiarrhythmic drugs fail. Hyperpyrexia is treated by cooling. Seizures may be managed by intravenous doses of diazepam. 

A4 Acetaminophen, alfentanil, amiodarone, astemizole, cocaine, cortisol, cyclosporine, dapsone, diazepam, dihydroergotamine, dihydropyridines, diltiazem, ethinyl estradiol, gestodene, indinavir, lidocaine, lovastatin, macrolides, methadone, miconazole, midazolam, mifepristone (RU 486), paclitaxel, progesterone, quinidine, rapamycin, ritonavir, saquinavir, spironolactone, sulfamethoxazole, sufentanil, tacrolimus, tamoxifen, terfenadine, testosterone, tetrahydro-cannabinol, triazolam, troleandomycin, verapamil Barbiturates, carbamazepine, macrolides, glucocorticoids, pioglitazone, phenytoin, rifampin Erythromycin, 613-hydroxy cortisol... 

A 28-year-old nurse had generalized urticaria and collapsed while she was undergoing a gastroscopy for suspected Helicobacter pylori infection (24). Before the start of the procedure she was given lidocaine oral spray and intravenous diazepam 10 mg, and at the end intravenous flumazenil 1 mg. Skin prick tests and intradermal tests with diazepam 5 mg/ml produced a weal-and-flare reaction flumazenil 0.1 mg/ml and lidocaine 2% had no effect. 

Cancer and burn injury are associated with increased concentrations of AAG and decreased concentrations of albumin in plasma. For AAG-bound drugs, a 20-30 /o decrease in the unbound fractions of lidocaine, methadone,propranolol,and imipramine is observed, whereas the unbound fractions of albumin-bound drugs increase for tolbutamide (30 /o),f diazepam (180%),[12 1 and phenytoin (150%).[ 1... 

The use of vacutainer tubes and heparin was shown to alter the determination of protein binding. Heparin was shown to decrease the plasma binding of certain drugs including phenytoin, propranolol, lidocaine, diazepam, quinidine, and verapamil. This is also an in vitro artifact attributable to continued ex vivo activity of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme and accumulation of fatty acids in the blood collection tube. 

A 26-year-old woman undergoing bronchoscopy received lidocaine jelly 2% to each nostril, lidocaine solution 2% sprayed on the throat, and 10 ml of lidocaine solution 2% into the trachea. She was also given intravenous diazepam 5 mg and pethidine 75 mg and intramuscular atropine 0.6 mg. She developed dyspnea and cyanosis after the procedure and despite 100% oxygen, her Sp02 was 85%. Her methemoglobin concentration was 14%. 

A 32-year-old man, who had been in hospital for several months because of acute intermittent porphyria and chronic pancreatitis, had a seizure and an asystolic cardiac arrest. Resuscitation was unsuccessful. There was a suspicion of patient mistreatment by one of the attending nurses, and toxicological analyses showed high blood concentrations of lidocaine, diazepam, phenytoin, and promethazine. Diazepam and phenytoin... 

A 22-year-old man had a generalized tonic-clonic convulsion and loss of consciousness after an attempted superior laryngeal nerve block using 2% lidocaine 2 ml (282). The seizure was not terminated by intravenous diazepam 10 mg and he was intubated after intravenous thiopental and suxamethonium. He required two boluses of ephedrine 10 mg to maintain... 

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