Electrical pacing

In sinus bradycardia or incomplete heart block, lidocaine administration for the elimination of ventricular ectopy without prior acceleration in heart rate (eg, by atropine, isoproterenol or electric pacing) may promote more frequent and serious ventricular arrhythmias or complete heart block. Use with caution in patients with hypovolemia and shock, and all forms of heart block. 

Key words Drosophila, Genetics, Heart physiology. Electrical pacing, M-mode cardiogram... 

In this section we review two new experimental methods which assess heart performance in Drosophila. The first method is an external electrical pacing assay, which would allow assessment of small molecule fiinction in vivo in different genetic... 

The cardiac arrhythmias are life-threatening, so the patient must be closely monitored, with facilities available for possible resuscitation. Drugs such as quinidine and procainamide are contraindicated, but lidocaine, propranolol, or phenytoin has been used safely and effectively. The arterial blood gas levels, pH, and electrolyte concentrations should be monitored so that metabolic acidosis or hypokalemia can be identified that would further aggravate the arrhythmias. Electrical pacing may be required if the antiarrhythmic drugs fail. Hyperpyrexia is treated by cooling. Seizures may be managed by intravenous doses of diazepam. 

Fibers electrically paced via bipolar silver electrodes and impaled with 3M KC1-filled glass microelectrodes Action potentials continuously monitored... 

Attempt to shorten APD with drugs (e.g.r isoproterenol) or electrical pacing... 

Maintain the rhythm of the heart by electrical pacing Drug interactions involving antidepressants do NOT include... 

Administration of atropine should be withheld until a cardiac monitor and a defibrillator arc in place and (he patient s airway is secured. Atropine can precipitate ventricular fibrillation in hypoxic patients. Continuous cardiac monitoring and an ECG are oeces.sary. Electrical pacing is the treatment... 

Adomian GE, Beazell J. Myofibrillar disarray produced in normal hearts by chronic electrical pacing. Am Heart J. 1986 112 79-83. 

A contemporary ventricular defibrillator lead consists of multiple internally separated metal wires that are externally encased in silicone rubber or polyurethane insulation. This allows the lead to function similarly to a standard pacemaker lead, i.e. transmission of electrical pacing/sensing signals between the heart and generator, but also structurally provides a separate pathway that participates in the delivery of shocks. This pathway includes what are commonly referred to as the lead "coil(s)." Shocks are delivered across the heart between the coil(s) and potentially the ICD can. Each element of the lead has its own pin that may connect to the ICD header. 

Antitachycardia pacing A series of small, rapid, electrical pacing pulses are used to Interrupt VT and return the heart to its normal rhythm,... 

Bradycardia pacing Electrical pacing pulses are used when the heart s natural electrical signals are too slow. ICD systems can pace one chamber (Wl pacing) of the heart at a preset rate or sense and pace both chambers (DDD pacing). 

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