Dexamphetamine disorder

Somoza EC, Winhusen TM, Bridge TP, et al An open-label pilot study of methylpheni-date in the treatment of cocaine-dependent patients with adult attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. J Addict Dis 23 77—92, 2004 Sora 1, Wichems C, Takahashi N, et al Cocaine reward models conditioned place preference can be established in dopamine- and in serotonin-transporter knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 7699-7704, 1998 Soral, Hall FS, Andrews AM, etal Molecular mechanisms of cocaine reward combined dopamine and serotonin transporter knockouts eliminate cocaine place preference. Proc Nad Acad Sci U S A 98 5300-5305, 2001 Spear J, Alderton D Psychosis associated with prescribed dexamphetamine use 0etter). 

Dextroamphetamine should be used with caution and only upon medicinal indication in treating narcolepsy, consequences of encephalitis, and other illnesses accompanied by apathy, drowsiness, asthenia, for temporary increase of physical and mental capacity, in treating attention deficit disorder in children, and in treating obesity.Synonyms of this drug are D-amphetamine, dexamphetamine, dexalone, tempodex, zenidex, and many others. 

The stimulants methamphetamine, dexamphetamine, methylphenidate and pemoline have been shown to improve the main symptoms of the disorder in up to 70% of children they may be of some benefit in adults also. 

Dexamphetamine is one of the most powerful and best known psychomotor stimulants, and other similar agents include dexfenfluramine. diethylpropion and fenfluramine. All these are on the controlled drugs list, and have a limited medical use as appetite suppressants. Such drugs work by interacting with the release of monoamines within the central (and peripheral) nervous system, and can be regarded as indirect SYMPATHOMIMEtics. Recently, there has been some use of the weak amphetamine-like stimulant methylphenidate to treat attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. 

ADHD is a behavioural disorder seen in children and adolescents. It may be due to a deficit of noradrenaline and/or dopamine in the prefrontal cerebral cortex. Treatment with stimulant drugs, for example dexamphetamine, seems to have a calming effect in some patients. 

---