Device scaling

Situation like microelectronics decades ago impetus by analytical chemistry lab-on-a-chip - biological applications microfabrication and micro devices scale out input-output board fast and hazardous reactions plug-and-play modules interconnects non-linear synthesis growth of scientific community industry s response selected key players and their activities [217]. 

See also CMOS image sensors bipolar transistors with, 22 249 improving performance of, 22 257 logic circuits with, 22 251-253 Moore s law and device scaling and,... 

Device scaling, of FETs, 22 253-255 Deville process, 22 760, 766 Devitrification, 12 578... 

Fowler-Nordheim tunneling of, 22 258 in HBTs, 22 167-168 Moore s law and device scaling and, 22 254 in RTDs, 22 170-171 in semiconducting silicon, 22 485-486 in semiconductors, 22 233, 237-239 in SETs, 22 171-172 in single layer OLEDs, 22 215-216 in spinel ferrites, 11 60-61 in the superconducting state, 23 804 Electron spectrometer system, components of, 24 100-101... 

Frank DJ, Dennard RH, Nowak E, Solomon PM, Taur Y, Wong H-SP (2001) Device scaling limits of Si MOSEETs and their application dependencies. Proc IEEE 90 259-288... 

As equivalent to the Mackensen air blower, ultrasonic devices can be used, specifically those manufactured by Rio Grande and Branson (Fig. 4.4.18). With a suitably chosen nozzle delivering the abrasive material and with the device scaled on Mohs standard hardness blocks, small surfaces can be tested by the point abrasion method using ultrasonic impact abrasion technique. The possibility of employing a fine-grained abrasive for this purpose allows substantial miniaturization of measurement, as compared with Mackensen s method. 

In the following sections we will present some procedures and examples which show how LM can be designed in order to have a similar behaviour evolution for different device scales such as laboratory device (small scale) and prototype units (medium scale). 

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