Detectors for Gas Chromatography

The final part of a gas chromatograph is the detector. The ideal detector has several desirable features, including low detection limits, a linear response over a wide range of solute concentrations (which makes quantitative work easier), responsiveness to all solutes or selectivity for a specific class of solutes, and an insensitivity to changes in flow rate or temperature. 

When a solute elutes from the column, the thermal conductivity of the mobile phase decreases and the temperature of the wire filament, and thus its resistance, increases. A reference cell, through which only the mobile phase passes, corrects for any time-dependent variations in flow rate, pressure, or electrical power, ah of which may lead to a change in the filament s resistance. 

Schematic diagram of an injector for packed coiumn gas chromatography. 

A universal GC detector in which the signal is a change in the thermal conductivity of the mobile phase. 

Schematic diagram of a thermai conductivity detector for gas chromatography. 

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The FID has wide applicability, being a very nearly universal detector for gas chromatography of organic compounds, and this, coupled with its high sensitivity, stability, fast response and wide linear response range ( — 107), has made it the most popular detector in current use.70... 

Atomic absorption spectrometry used either by direct aspiration (to determine total mercury) or as an element-specific detector for gas chromatography (to determine organically bound mercury) are now discussed. 

Campbell, C. The ion trap detector for gas Chromatography technology and application. Finnigan MAT IDT 15. 

Lindeman, L.P. Annis, J.L. A Conventional Mass Spectrometer As a Detector for Gas Chromatography. Anal. Chem. 1960,32,1742-1749. 

Q. Why are microwave plasmas used widely as detectors for gas chromatography ... 

Besides liquid samples, gases and solids can be analysed after making the appropriate modifications to the sample introduction system. The application of plasma sources as detectors for gas chromatography of metal complexes have teen reviewed by Uden Literature dealing with the analysis of gas and liquid chromatographic effluents have been surveyed by Carnahan et al. 

Because the FPD responds to both aerosol and gaseous sulfur species, it has also been possible to modify these instruments to continuously measure aerosol sulfur by selectively removing gaseous sulfur compounds with a lead(II) oxide-glycerol coated denuder (55). Use of such an instrument for airborne measurements of aerosol sulfur in and around broken clouds has been reported (57). In principle, speciation between aerosol sulfate, disulfate, and sulfuric acid by selective thermal decomposition (58, 59) can also be achieved. Flame photometric detectors have also been used as selective detectors for gas chromatography. Thornton and Bandy (60) reported the use of a chromatographic system with a flame photometric detector for airborne measurement of S02 and OCS with a detection limit of 25 pptrv. 

Buffington, R. and Wilson, M.K. 1987. Detectors for Gas Chromatography A Practical Primer. Hewlett Packard, Palo Alto, Calif. 

Detectors for Gas Chromatography (continued) Detector Limit of Detection Linearity... 

Bechthold, E. A high selective halogen and sulfur detector for gas chromatography. Z. Anal. Chem. 221, 262(1966). 

Hill, D. W., Newell, H. A. The variation with polarising voltage of the response to methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide of a macro-argon ionisation detector for gas chromatography. J. Chromatog. 32, 737 (1968). 

Sporek, K. F. New type of argon ionisation, helium electron capture detector for gas chromatography. US-At. Energy Comm. Rpt. Conf-650, 809 (1966). — Anal. Abstr. 14, 3715 (1967). 

Bowman, M. C., Beroza, M. A copper-sensitized, flame-photometric detector for gas chromatography of halogen compounds. J. Chromatog. Sci. 7, 484 (1969). 

Dagnall, R. M., Pratt, S. J., West, T. S., Deans, D. R. Micro wave detector for gas chromatography. Former investigation with sulphur compounds. Talanta 17, 1009 (1970). 

Overfield, C. V., Winefordner, J. D. Selective indium halide flame emission detector - potentially useful detector for gas chromatography. J. Chromatog. Sci. 8, 233 (1970). 

Varadi, P. F. Quantitative and qualitative ionisation detector for gas chromatography. Gas Chromatog. Instr. Soc. Am. Symp. June 1961. Gas Chromat. Abstr. 

Durbin, R. P. I. Characterisation of the flame photometric detector for gas chromatography. II. Thermodynamics of some metal (3-diketonates via gas-liquid chromatography. Dissertation Abstr. B 27, 710 B (1966). 

B. Pape, Analytical toxicology applications of the element-selective electrolytic conductivity detector for gas chromatography, Clin. Chem., 22 739-748 (1976). 

Zimmermann S, Krippner P, Muller J (2002) Miniaturized flame ionisation detector for gas chromatography. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical 83(l-3) 285-289... 

A. Amirav and H. Jing, Pulsed flame photometric detector for gas chromatography, Anal. Chem., 67, 3305-3318 (2000). 

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