Destruction of polychlorinated

This is a short item that provides information on the European Union regulations regarding the disposal/ destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls and other injurious substances. Very brief details of the regulations are provided. 

Destruction of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Acoustically Cavitating Systems , Guangming Zhang and Inez Hua. at American Chemical Society Meeting, March 1998, Dallas, TX. 

T0472 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Destruction of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using High-Energy Ionizing Radiation... 

Palauschek, N., Scholz, S. (1987) Destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in contaminated water samples using ozone. Chemosphere 16, 1857-1863. 

Addink, R. Olie, K. Mechanism of formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in heterogeneous systems, Environmental Science Technology, 1995, 29(6), 1425-1435. 

Miller H, Marklund S, Bjerle I, Rappe C (1989), Chemosphere 18 1485-1494.. .Correlation of incineration parameters for the destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins ... 

Greaser, C. S., A. R. Fernandes, andD. C. Ayres. 1988. Oxidation of aromatic substances, VIII. Oxidative destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls by ruthenium tetroxide. Chem. Ind. 15 499-500. 

Kolaczkowski, S. T., B. D. Crittenden, U. Ullah, and N. Sanders. 1987. Catalytic combustion the search for efficient commercial techniques for the destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls. In Management of Hazardous and Toxic Wastes Process Industry, S. T. 

Shultz, C. G. 1986. Destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls and other hazardous halo-genated hydrocarbons. European Patent 170,714, Feb. 12 cited in Chem. Abstr. CA 105(6) 48445n. 

High-Temperature Destruction of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Related Compounds," United States Environmental Protection Agency, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, (December 1977), EPA-600/2-77-228. 

Altarawneh, M., Dlugogorski, B., Kennedy, E., etal. (2009). Mechanisms for formation, chlorination, dechlorination and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 35, pp. 245-274. 

As shown in Fig. 6, some of the reduction reactions, including intermediate steps, for the destruction of a variety of contaminants using the gas-phase chemical reduction process. The process primarily involves the gas-phase reduction of organic compounds by hydrogen at temperatures of 850°C or higher. Chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as PCBs and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (dioxins), are chemically reduced to methane and... 

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., a licensee of the SRI International AHO process, has built the most recent full-scale SCWO plant. The plant was built for the Japan Environmental Safety Corp, (a company owned by the Japanese government) to destroy that nation s large stockpile of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) waste. It consists of three reactor systems, each having a capacity of 2 tons PCB/day and 100 tons water/day, and a treatment requirement of <3 ppb PCB in the liquid effluent (representing six 9s destruction efficiency). The plant began operation in 2005. 

Destruction of dioxins and dibenzofurans in contaminated soils and wastes is best achieved by high-temperature pyrolysis. Treatment of soils contaminated with polychlorinated di-benzo-p-dioxins at 2200°C (3992°F) in an electrically heated pyrolyzer reduced levels of tetra-, penta-, and hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to <0.12 ppb (Boyd et al. 1987). Waterland et al. (1987) reported destruction and removal efficiencies greater than 99.9999% for TCDD in still-bottom wastes with initial concentration of 37 ppm TCDD using a rotary kiln incineration system. Portable infrared incinerators having removal efficiencies greater than 99.9999% have been reported (Daily 1987). 

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