Design bottle-base

Fig. 5.3 Small modular cells for specialized water electrolysis, (a) The El MiniCell a lightweight, prototype, filterpress design, which provides an alternative supply of H2 and O2 to bottled gases, (b) The EI-003 low-inventory cell for electrolysis of heavy and tritium-containing water (developed by Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd and Ontario Hydro). The nominal design is based upon 3 dm electrolyte per kiloamp of current. Construction involves a high-integrity design in order to contain the expensive and radioactive water. (Courtesy Electrolyser, Inc.)...

OPTIMUM DESIGN OF PET BOTTLE BASES AGAINST STRESS... 

Apart from the geometrical structure of the petaloid base, no doubt, there is also a certain effect of the process parameters on the cracking mechanism.. Therefore, the process parameters need to be optimized as well the geometrical structure of the petaloid base. Verification of the newly designed petaloid base s resistance against cracking should be carried out.. On the other hand, it will be useful to conduct a morphological analysis of the PET bottle at points of concern... 

Because most plastic bottles are recycled, it is necessary to separate the label and adhesive from the bottle. The label is contaminated with ink and not recyclable. The adhesive is also not recycled. Ideally the adhesive will stick tenaciously to the film, but release cleanly from the bottle during the recycling operation. Adhesives designed to aid in recycling have been developed for this market. They incorporate conventional surfactants in place of some or all of the oil in PSA compositions [69] or use ingredients such as rosin which when neutralized by base can function as surfactants. A goal of the recycling industry is to eliminate the need to use base in the process. 

A cylindrical polypropylene bottle is used to store a liquid under pressure. It is designed with a 4 mm skirt around the base so that it will continue to stand upright when the base bulges under pressure. If the diameter of the bottle is 64 mm and it has a uniform wall thickness of 2.5 mm, estimate the maximum internal pressure which can be used if the container must not rock on its base after one year. Calculate also the diameter change which would occur in the bottle after one year under pressure. 

In many instances, the design of suction and discharge pulsation dampening drums (or bottles) for reciprocating compressors is based on piston displacement and volumetric efficiency, and this design normally will suffice to reduce peak pulsation to approximately 5% of the line pressure. In special or other cases, experience has shown that operational difficulties (vibrations, meter pulsations, etc.) may indicate that the peak pulse pressure of 5% line pressure is inadequate. Thus, the pressure in pulsation-reduction design selection is... 

An early problem was that the blowing process as originally developed produced rounded bases, and so the bottles could not be stacked upright on shelves. Initially, bottles were equipped with separately moulded base cups, usually made from polyolefin and readily attached by a snap-on or glue-on process. The Continental Group then introduced in the USA a bottle with a shaped multilobal bottom that did not require a base cup, and further designs have followed [64],... 

The process developed at CPRR is said to be similar in its layout to those used in private industry. Most plastic reclamation systems are designed to work with rigid containers, such as PET beverage bottles, and HDPE milk or household product containers, because they are currently the easiest postconsumer items to collect and sort. PET beverage bottles are actually not one, but several materials a PET body (clear or green), a pigmented high-density polyethylene (HDPE) base cup, aluminum cap, label, and adhesives. To separate these components, either a dry or wet separation method based on one or more of the different physical properties of the materials can be used. 

The air enrichment unit has been designed and constructed by KEMA and is based on membrane separation technology, The unit is capable to deliver air containing a maximum oxygen content of 40 vol%. Besides the application of the membrane unit for enriching the air also pure oxygen from bottles was used to enrich the air. 

In this paper, an existing methodology (Bagajewicz, 2007) for the development of consumer products is applied to winernaking. We use a price demand model that incorporates product quality and allows the determination of the most profitable product, which is not always the best product from the consumer s perspective- a well known fact. The parameters of the model are however, rmcertain, especially in the wine case. Thus, design under uncertainty needs to be performed. We present an analysis of profitable scenarios and their associated risk. The method allows vineyards to pick a specific wine quahty, a production rate and bottle selling price based on their desired profitability and tolerable level of associated risk. 

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