Dependent sources

Glycerol is a non-insulin-dependent source of carbohydrate that can be used to avoid stress-related hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. A major disadvantage of the available glycerol solution is the dilute concentration... 

Classic beri-beri, rarely seen in the United States and Europe, except in alcoholism (P4), is endemic in the Far East because of the prevalent diet of decorticated rice (F6). It occurs in two forms wet beri-beri, characterized by edema and cardiovascular symptoms (G6), and dry beri-beri with peripheral neuritis, paralysis, and atrophy of the muscles. Conditions which may predispose to deficiency by increasing thiamine requirements are pregnancy (see section 2.4), and lactation, hyperthyroidism, malignant disease, febrile conditions, increased muscular activity, high carbohydrate diets, and parenteral administration of glucose solutions. A constant supply of thiamine is required for optimal nutrition because storage in the liver and elsewhere is limited. Thiamine is synthesized by bacteria in the intestinal tract of various animals, but this is not a dependable source for man. 

To illustrate an example with dependent sources, we will perform a node voltage analysis on the circuit below. If you are unfamiliar with wiring a circuit, review Part 1. Create the circuit below. 

Although this circuit has no dependent sources, inductors, or capacitors, the circuit could contain any circuit element and we could use this method to find the impedance. This circuit was chosen because the impedance is easily calculated and can be compared to the PSpice result. For this circuit, the calculated impedance between nodes f and O is 2 k 2. 

Verify that dependent source gains are correct. 

The production of domestic sulfur values (elemental recovered sulfur and the sulfur content of acid) will total about 18 million long tons per year by the year 2000. By region (Petroleum Administration for Defense districts), except for the east coast (PAD I), there will be no deficit areas in the U. S. Major contributors are sour natural gas and the refining of heavier, sour, crude oil. Proximate, scenario dependent sources, are electric utilities and coal-based synfuels. Shale oil, domestic tar sands and heavy oil, and unconventional sources of natural gas will be small suppliers. 

Concern about fission-product release from coated reactor fuel particles and fission-product sorption by fallout particles has provided stimulus to understand diffusion. In a fallout program mathematics of diffusion with simple boundary conditions have been used as a basis for (1) an experimental method of determining diffusion coefficients of volatile solutes and (2) a calculational method for estimating diffusion profiles with time dependent sources and. time dependent diffusion coefficients. The latter method has been used to estimate the distribution of fission products in fallout. In a fission-product release program, a numerical model which calculates diffusion profiles in multi-coated spherical particles has been programmed, and a parametric study based on coating and kernel properties has provided an understanding of fission product release. 

The time required to complete the above described calibration procedure varies depending on the application. A critical factor in developing a robust calibration model is to incorporate all sources of spectral variance expected for future samples. The calibration procedure creates a model where the analyte-dependent signal is orthogonal to all nonanalyte-dependent sources of spectral variance. Significant time... 

Limited supply, increasing demand, and high cost have led to an intense search for an alternative, dependable source of diamond. This search led to the high pressure (ca 5 GPa (0.5 x 106 psi)), high temperature (ca 1500°C) (HP—HT) synthesis of diamond from graphite in the mid-1950s (153—155) in the presence of a catalyst—solvent material, eg, Ni or Fe, and the subsequent development of polycrystalline sintered diamond tools in the late 1960s (156). 

Other methods to simplify the circuit are Thevenin s and Norton s theorems. These two theorems can be used to replace the entire circuit by employing equivalent circuits. For example, Figure 2.34 shows a circuit separated into two parts. Circuit A is linear. Circuit B contains non-linear elements. The essence of Thevenin s and Norton s theorems is that no dependent source in circuit A can be controlled by a voltage or current associated with an element in circuit B, and vice versa. 

The most dependable source of cellulose for the manufacture of cellulose esters has been cotton linters, which is a by-product of the... 

One of the main advantages of using CFCs as tracers of ocean circulation is that the time-dependent source function permits the calculation of timescales for these processes. A tracer age is the elapsed time since a water parcel was last exposed to the atmosphere. The tracer-derived age is the elapsed time since a subsurface water mass was last in contact with the atmosphere. Two estimates of age can be calculated, one from the CFC-ll/CFC-12 ratio and one from the partial pressure of either dissolved CFC. In both cases, the atmospheric value of either the ratio or partial pressure with which the water had equilibrated is compared to the atmospheric source function to determine the corresponding date. 

Microbes have long been used as dependable sources of such industrial enzymes as amylase, invertase, lactase, protease, pectinase, catalase, and glucose oxidase. The interest in fermentation enzymes seems, to be rapidly expanding as demonstrated by the current activity in the following areas ... 

One step further to tune the electronic properties of a 2-D array of Ag nanoparticles with a size distribution of 7% was reported by Remade et al. [94]. These authors discussed the experimental and computational results of temperature-dependent conductivity measurements as a function of size distribution, compression of the array, and the applied gate voltage. From the temperature-dependent source-drain measurements they obtained sigmoidal-shaped and nonlinear curves (Figure 5.65). 

A number of the plications also list L-tartaric acid and D-glucaric acid as having comparable properties, both being hydroxy acids and chelators. When inexpensive glucaric acid becomes commercially available on a significant scale, it has applications waiting for a supply and could overtake uses now dominated by tartaric acid. Additional applications unique to glucaric acid will also benefit fiom a dependable source. 

---