Organic compounds dehydration

Sulfurylchloride is used as a chemical for selective chlorination of side chains of aromatics. Sulfurylchloride also sulfonates and dehydrates organic compounds. In the industry it is used as intermediate for the production of organics for colouring agent, for pesticides, for disinfection matters and for pharmaceutical products [13]. Sulfurylchloride is also used at the production of sulfonic acid and for the sulfochlorination of polyethylene. Sulfurylchloride is produced from sulfur dioxide and chloride... 

As described above, the water vapor permeability in the polyimide is much larger than other gases. This property of the polyimide makes it possible to dehydrate organic compounds with the polyimide membrane module. Compared to a conventional distillation process. 

Prepared from ethyne and ammonia or by dehydration of ethanamide. Widely used for dissolving inorganic and organic compounds, especially when a non-aqueous polar solvent of high dielectric constant is required, e.g. for ionic reactions. 

Consider azeotropic distillation to dehydrate ethanol with benzene. Initial steady-state conditions are as shown in Fig. 13-108. The overhead vapor is condensed and cooled to 298 K to form two hquid phases that are separated in the decanter. The organic-rich phase is returned to the top tray as reflux together with a portion of the water-rich phase and makeup benzene. The other portion of the water-rich phase is sent to a stripper to recover organic compounds. Ordinarily, vapor from that stripper is condensed and recycled to the decanter, but that coupling is ignored here. 

Carbon monoxide, CO, is produced when carbon or organic compounds burn in a limited supply of air, as happens in cigarettes and badly tuned automobile engines. It is produced commercially as synthesis gas by the re-forming reaction (Section 14.3). Carbon monoxide is the formal anhydride of formic acid, HCOOH, and the gas can be produced in the laboratory by the dehydration of formic acid with hot, concentrated sulfuric acid ... 

Kido et al. [6] determined basic organic compounds such as quinoline, acridine, aza-fluorene, and their N-oxides in marine sediments found in an industrial area. The sediments were extracted with benzene by using a continuous extractor for 12h. Hydrochloric acid solution (IN) was added to the benzene extracts, and the mixture was shaken for 5min the acid layer separated from the benzene layer was made alkaline by the addition of sodium hydroxide, and the alkaline aqueous solution was extracted with diethyl ether the ether extracts were then dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulphate and concentrated with a Kuderna-Danish evaporator. The concentrations were separated and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. 

Novel hydrophilic polymer membranes based on crosslinked poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAA.HCl)-PVA have been developed in order to dehydrate different organic compounds by pervaporation [33], The characteristics of the acetone dehydration process,... 

Pervaporation has become one of the standard membrane technologies with a large number of realized industrial applications. Pervaporation is used for the dehydration of organic compounds, the separation of organic compounds from aqueous solu-... 

An organic compound (A) (molecular formula C8H16O2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid produced (B). (C) on dehydration gives but-l-ene. Write equations for the reactions involved. 

Nobel prize in chemistry with Kurt Alder in 1950. He was awarded the prize for diene synthesis work, which led to improved methods of analyzing and synthesizing organic compounds. His research resulted in the discovery of carbon suhoxide. methods of dehydrating cyclical hydrocarbons using selenium, and determination of the structure of steroids. A student of Fischer -, he graduated from the University of Berlin. 

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