Deformability/deformations

Other Fiber Deformations. Deformations such as bending, torsion, shear, and compression are of practical importance in textile apphcations. Bending and twisting of yams, both influential in the development of bulk and stretch in filament yams, are also important in the production of staple yams. Bending characteristics are important in cmsh resistance in carpets. Bending and shear are factors that influence the hand and drape of apparel fabrics, whereas compression influences the recovery of fabrics after such processes as winding. 

Basic mechanical behaviours, such as plastic deformation, deformation micromechanisms, and fracture, are successively presented. The characteristics of the studied polymers are gathered in Table 7. 

Type of deformation Deformation energy for overcrowded H-atoms only Deformation energy for whole molecule... 

Fig.4 TEM micrograph of part of a macroscopic neck in HDPE deformed at room temperature, stained in R.UO4 and microtomed also shown are the corresponding electron diffraction pattern and (top left) the structure prior to deformation (deformation roughly horizontal as indicated)...

When the dimensions of a body change, we speak of deformation. Deformation can be linear, as in a tensile test when a body of original length L is subjected to a tensile stress. The linear deformation AL can then be expressed as strain = AL/L. Strain can be... 

FIG. 21-113 The influence of sample saturation S on granule deformability. Deformation strain (AL/L) is measured as a function of applied stress, with the peak stress and strain denoted by tensile strength Gy and critical strain (AL/L)c of the material. Dicalcium phosphate with 15 wt % binding solution of PVP/PVA Kollidon VA64, 50% compact porosity. [Holm et al.. PowderTechnol., 43y 213 (1985), with kind permission from Elsevier Science SA, Lausanne, Switzerland.]... 

Tayior, i932 Oidroyd, i953 Paiierne, i990 Dilute Dilute Moderately concentrate Newtonian Newtonian Viscoelastic Undeformable Deformable Deformable, Polydispersed h = ri(X, ()) G ,G ,tl = f(, < ),v) G, H = f(G, G, Vj,/d, ( )... 

Whether these products are flexible or rigid depends largely on the temperature. A hollow ball made of PI or SBR and cooled in liquid nitrogen becomes hard and brittle. A solid ball in the same conditions has a greatly reduced bounce relative to ordinary temperatures (by a factor of 2 or 3). Likewise, when immersed in boiling water, PS becomes soft and easily deformed. Deformations inflicted at high temperatures remain upon cooling. 

No. Mechanical parametres Deformation Deformation rate (%) (mm/min) Width of resonance line, Hpp (Gs) DPPH cone, (relative units) (%) Free radicals cone, (relative units) (%) Content of grafted vinyl chloride (%)... 

Plastic Deformation. Deformation due to the movement of dislocation in the crystal lattice. In ceramics it is the mechanism for the initial formation of new cracks. See crystal structure CRACK NUCLEATION. 

There are three ways to simulate reaction-diffusion system. The traditional method is to solve partial differential equation directly. Another way is to divide system into cells, which is called cell dynamic scheme (CDS). Typical models are cellular automata (CA)[176] and coupled map lattice (CML)[177]. In cellular automata model, each value of the cell (lattice) is digital. On the other hand, in coupled map lattice model, each value of the lattice (cell) is continuous. CA model is microscopic while CML model is mesoscopic. The advantage of the CML is compatibility with the physical phenomena by smaller number of cells and numerical stability. Therefore, the model based on CML is developed. Each cell has continuum state and the time step is discrete. Generally, each cell is static and not deformable. Deformable cell (lattice) is supposed in order to represent deformation process of the gel. Each cell deforms based on the internal state, which is determined by the reaction between the cell and the environment. 

Deformation, anelastic It is any portion of the total deformation of a body that occurs as a function of time when load is applied, and which disappears completely after a period of time when the load is removed. In practice the term also describes viscous deformation. Deformation, elastic A deformation in which a material returns to its original dimensions on release of the deforming load/stress. 

Therefore, the stated above results show, that the assumed earlier substates within the limits of glassy state are due to transitions from deformation in Euclidean space to deformation in fractal space and vice versa. These transitions are controlled by deformation scale change, induced by external load (mechanical energy) application. From the physical point of view this postulate has very simple explanation if size of structural element, deforming deformation proceeding, hits in the range of sizes (Fig. 1.2),... 

Polymeric materials play a growing role in our everyday life. A wide range of their applications relies on their unique and spectacular viscoelastic behavior. In the melt state, a polymer sample can be strongly deformed (deformation ratio of several hundred of percent) without... 

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