Deep drilling

Deep drilling oil rig at Not al Petroleum Reser e s Elk Hills site near Bakersfield, California. (U.S. Department of Energy)... 

Additional checkup, especially in deep drilling, should be done to avoid drill pipe crushing in the slip area. The maximum load that can be suspended in the slips can be found from Equation 4-74 ... 

A. Wilson, G. E., Operators slush deep-drilling costs with RWP stabilizers, Publ. No. 83, Smith International, Inc., 1977. 

In practice the drill speed and feed rate can be increased for maximum production provided that there is no melting, burning, discoloration or poor surface finish. For deep drilling, frequent withdrawal of the drill may be necessary for chip ejection. 

Another potential source of indoor radon is from utilities including water and natural gas. As reported by Hess et al. (1987) there are wells that can have extremely high radon concentrations per unit volume of water. Thus, use of such water could be an important indoor radon source. Radon in water is typically of the order of several thousand picocuries per liter or less. Surveys of U.S. drinking water sources indicate that 74 had concentrations below 2,000 pCi/1 and only 5 had values above 10,000 pCi/1. The problem appears to exist primarily in deep drilled wells and a concentration... 

Somewhat unusual isotopic compositions have been observed in highly saline deep waters from Precambrian crystalline rocks as well as in deep drill holes, which plot above or to the left of the Meteoric Water Line (Frape et al. 1984 Kelly et al. 1986 Frape and Fritz 1987). There are two major theories about the origin of these Ca-rich brines ... 

Dilution with water Stabilizing factor in deep-drilling (lubricant)... 

From the practical point of view, extreme interest was attached to explosions in soils, rocks, and metals. The findings have been applied in the use of expls for rock excavation deep drilling, explosion forming, explosion welding, and so on... 

Barrell, A., Cappetti, G. Stefani, G. 1995. Results of deep drilling in the Larderello-Travale/Radicondoli geothermal area. In Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, Florence, 18-31 May, 1275-1278. 

White, D. E., Anderson, E. T. Grubbs, D. K. 1963. Geothermal brine well Mile deep drill hole may tap ore-bearing magmatic water and rocks undergoing metamorphism. Science, 139, 919-922. 

Figure 11a illustrates the difference between the actual temperature, measured at the well head (Twh), and the temperature determined from the isotopic fractionation (TIS) between H2 and H20. This isotope geothermometer seems to work well for this system, at least in the sense that it predicts subsurface temperatures actually encountered in deep drill holes (Panichi et al. 1979). Before 1979 (full symbols), the AT... 

Komninou, A. Yardley, B. W. 1997. Fluid-rock interaction in the Rhine Graben a thermodynamic model of the hydrothermal alteration observed in deep drilling. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61, 515-531. 

This would give an a /X dependence, and would correspond to a small but deep drilled hole. If, on the other hand, the defect were small in all three dimensions, and were at a depth much less than the wavelength, then the scattered amplitude would be... 

Dissolutioning Deep Drill Holes Mining Activity Oil Field Activity... 

Gooding JL (1992) Soil mineralogy and chemistry on Mars Possible clues from salts and clays in SNC meteorites. Icarus 99 28-41 Gow AJ (1971) Relaxation of ice in deep drill cores from Antarctica. J Geo-phys Res 76 2533-2541... 

Figure 5.11 Xe three-isotope plot for samples from KTB deep-drilling core in Germany icm = intrusive + cataclastic + mobilized (after Drescher et al., 1998).

Figure 6.20 Distribution of helium isotopes in the crust of western Europe. KTB, the German deep-drilling site in Oberpfalz MB, Molasse Basin PB, Pannonian Basin RG, Rheingraben EG, Egergraben. Reproduced from Oxburgh and O Nions (1987).

Drescher, I, Kirsten, T., Schaffer, K. (1998) The rare gas inventory of the continental crust, recovered by the KTB Continental Deep Drilling Project. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 154, 247-63. 

The assassination attempt on President Reagan involved the use of Devastator exploding bullets. These consisted of standard 0.22 LR caliber, copper-coated lead hollow point bullets, modified by deep drilling to accept a tiny aluminum alloy canister containing about 24 mg of lead azide. Nitrocellulose lacquer was used to seal the base of the canister. RDX explosive was originally used in these loads but was replaced by lead azide.76,77... 

Kremenentsky A. A., Milanovsky S. Y., and Ovchinnikov L. N. (1989) A heat generation model for the continental crust based on deep drilling in the Baltic Shield. Tectonophysics 159, 231-246. 

For sites 417/418, the fluxes are calculated from the super composite, which is dominantly composed of materials from sites 417 and 418A and offer a grand average for these sites. In its upper 200 m, this composite includes about 20% of the oxidatively weathered materials from site 417A. Sites 417/418 and 735 are the only deep drill holes displaying average recovery rates >70%, allowing a quantitative reconstruction of... 

The KTB deep drilling project resulted in two of the deepest research boreholes drilled in the Earth s cmst (Lodemann et al., 1998 Moller et al., 1997). The boreholes were 4,000 m and 9,101 m deep and are located on the western margin of the Bohemian Massif (Weber, 1992). The area contains a variety of rock types that have been tectonically emplaced and thermally altered. Several granitic instmsions are in close proximity to the site and large fracture-thmst belts trend through the area (Figure 16). The site contains both altered sedimentary and crystalline rocks. 

Eodemann M., Eritz P., Wolf M., IvanovichM., Hansen B., and Nolle E. (1998) On the origin of saline fluids in the KTB (Continental Deep Drilling Project of Germany). Appl. 

---