Deep-Cycle and Traction Batteries

Deep-cycle batteries require good cycle life, high energy density, and low cost. The cycle life of a deep-cycle battery is usually longer than that of an SLI battery. The longer cycle life is achieved in the following manner  

Use thick plates with high paste density. 

Cnre the plates with a high-temperature and high-humidity profile. 

Traction battery discharge rate at 25°C. 1-h discharge rate 3-h discharge rate 4-h discharge rate 

Traction or motive power batteries are made in many different sizes, limited only by the battery compartment size and the required electrical service. The basic rating unit is the positive-plate capacity, given in amp-hours at the 5- or 6-h rate. The 2-V cell in the traction batteries is grouped with 2 to 16 positive plates, or 5 to 33 positive and negative plates. Traction batteries are often assembled to have battery voltage in 

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Deep cycle and traction batteries. These models are used in electric vehicles. Traction batteries are designed to power vehicles. 

DEEP-CYCLE AND TRACTION BATTERIES CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE... 

Rubber separators have good voltage characteristics, the ability to retard antimony transfer, properties to retard dendrite growth, and good electrochemical compatibility. Due to the hydrophilic properties of the rubber composition, the separators are highly wettable and renewable for the dry-charging process. Paik et al. showed that AGE-SIL (sulfur cured, hard rubber) separators performed well in industrial stationary or traction batteries. FLEX-SIL (electron-beam-cured. flexible rubber separator) separators are suited for deep-cycling batteries, and MICROPOR-... 

This effect of antimony sustains the use of Ph—(5—10) wt% Sb alloys for casting grids and spines for the positive plates of traction batteries intended for deep discharge cycling duties. The performance characteristics of such batteries are more stable despite the higher water loss and hence the need for maintenance. 

Batteries for traction and deep-cycle applications use cells with either pasted or tubular positive plates. In general, the performance of the two types of plates is similar, but the tubular or gauntlet plates show lower polarization losses because of the larger active surface area, better retention of the positive active material, and reduced loss on stand. The loss of capacity on stand at room temperature for the two plate stmctures, as measured hy the drop in specific gravity, is shown in Fig. 23.26. 

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