Decamethonium

C3H< N 75-50-3) see Acetylcholine chloride Betaine hydrate Bethanechol chloride Carbachol Carnitine Cetrimonium bromide Choline chloride Choline hydroxide Decamethonium bromide Hexcarbacholine bromide Miltefosine Prolonium iodide... 

Some antagonists combine the ability to block open ion channels with a competitive action at or near the agonist binding site. A well-characterized example is the nicotinic blocker tubocurarine (see Chapter 6). Agonists may also be open channel blockers, thus limiting the maximal response that they can elicit. Such agents (e g., decamethonium) may therefore behave as partial agonists when tested on an intact tissue ... 

Frog rectus abdominis Membrane depolarization Decamethonium iodide (not a receptor-mediated activity) Bums and Paton, 1951... 

Decamethonium bromide Polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride Phytic acid Ethylenediamine 1,3-diaminopropane A,lV-diethylethanolamine (V-ethyldiethylamine Morpholine, tetraazomacrocycles... 

The production of a quaternary ammonium salt from a tertiary amine and an alkyl halide forms the synthetic route to decamethonium, the first of a range of synthetic muscle relaxants having an action like the natural materials found in the arrow-poison curare. Decamethonium is actually a di-quaternary salt, as are more modem analogues, such as suxamethonium. Suxamethonium superseded decamethonium as a drug because it has a shorter and more desirable duration of action in the body. This arise because it can be metabolized by ester-hydrolysing enzymes (esterases) (see also Box 6.9). 

The finding by Fleisher et al. 7 that 2-PAM I facilitated response by skeletal muscle to acetylcholine and depressed responses to decamethonium and carbamylcholine, whereas III had only the depressant actions, suggests that 2-PAM has an activity that is not duplicated in III. The nature of this difference is not entirely clear. 

Blockade of neuromuscular transmission produced by an intravenous dose of d-tubocurarine chloride at 0.3 mg/kg, but not that due to 0.5 mg/kg, was antagonized by intravenous 2-PAM 1 at 5 mg/kg. Edrophonium bromide (intravenously at 0.2 mg/kg) was a more potent antagonist of d-tubocurarlne than this dose of 2-PAM 1. Partial blockades of neuromuscular transmission Induced by intravenous injections of decamethonium bromide at 20 Vg/kg, neostigmine bromide at 1 mg/kg, or succinylcholine chloride at 50 Mg/kg were intensified by Intravenous Injection of 2-PAM 1 at 5 mg/kg, in about the same way in which they were enhanced by intravenous doses of edrophonium bromide at 0.2 mg/kg. Intravenous doses of 2-PAM I at up to 150 mg/kg had no effect on the muscle response to direct stimulation in anesthetized cats. 

Uses diagnosis of MG, treatment of MG crisis, antidote to muscle blockade for surgery (does network with succinylcholine and decamethonium)... 

We also prepared both hexamethonium and decamethonium analogs, each containing two catechol rings.16 Hexamethonium and decamethonium were originally prepared as... 

Gu, Y., Lee, H., and Hudson, R.A., Bis-catechol-substituted redox-reactive analogs of hexam-ethonium and decamethonium stimulated affinity-dependent reactivity through iron peroxide catalysis, /. Med. Chem., 37, 4417, 1994. 

Decamethonium, a synthetic drug with potent curare-like activity... 

---