Databases history

The techmque was first employed, in real-world conditions, for monitoring external corrosion in the large diameter steel tubing used for oil well casings. In the late fifties, T.R. Schmidt at Shell Developments, pioneered the technique in those demanding applications, although the technique itself was invented, by W.R. MacLean, (Ref. 1) somewhat earlier. T.R Schmidt has written a history (Ref. 2) of much of the early work in the technology, which contains many references, others which may be of interest are held on the NTIAC database (Ref 3). 

It is possible that much of the inspection in future years will be focused on areas identified from databases which collate corrosion and damage history in similar ships. The validity of any conclusions derived from assessment programmes or databases can only be accepted if the quality of the original product is known. This would suggest that the NDE inspection programmes applied by some yards will have to be expanded. 

History The histoiy of a plant forms the basis for fault detection. Fault detection is a monitoring activity to identify deteriorating operations, such as deteriorating instrument readings, catalyst usage, and energy performance. The plant data form a database of historical performance that can be used to identify problems as they form. Monitoring of the measurements and estimated model parameters are typic fault-detection activities. 

It is a good practice to ensure that both the toller and client have records of the complete incident and accident history for the toll. This information can be vital to the industry as a database of experience with the tolled process. Process safety concerns for future tolls of the product or related materials can benefit from this practice. 

COPE has 9 modules PM scheduler, corrective maintenance, equipment history, equipment reference listing, spare parts entry, database integrity verification, and training. 

Database for management of sanitary and storm wastewater collection systems. Maintains field operations data including safety history, engineering data, inspection recoids, and work orders. Requires 640K memory and hard disk. 

Classicists believe that probability has a precise value uncertainty is in finding the value. Bayesians believe that probability is not precise but distributed over a range of values from heterogeneities in the database, past histories, construction tolerances, etc. This difference is subtle but changes the two approaches. 

Access to a database of relevant plant histories Ability to communicate... 

It is important to perform a complete physical examination and history before the institution of therapy. The nurse examines the involved areas and describes them in detail on the patient s record to provide a database for comparison during therapy. 

Finally, there is the very important annotated CRF, which shows you where the variables in the clinical database come from on the CRF. The following is an example of an annotated medical history CRF page ... 

The analysis of chemicals by reference to a set of library mass spectra was facilitated by the establishment almost 40 years ago of databases such as the NIST/EPA/NIH reference library of electron impact mass spectra (http //www.nist.gov/srd/nistla.htm). Experimentally derived mass spectra are compared to spectra in the library, and the matches are graded by various algorithms. This comparison is valid because electron impact ionization requires that the sample be vaporized and thus isolated from its sampling history. 

There are many databases of accidents as well as books of case histories, but they have been little used. We need better retrieval systems so that we can find, more easily than at present, details of past accidents, in our own and other companies, and the recommendations made afterward. 

S.R. Heller, The history of the NIST/EPA/NIH mass spectral database, Today s Chemist at Work, 8(2) (1999) 45-50. 

The Mary Kay O Connor Process Safety Center is conducting a number of projects on Development of Accident History Databases, Analyses of Accident History Databases, and Risk Assessment Based on Accident History Databases. One such project involves the compilation of incidents from various sources. 

Prokoph A, Shields GA, Veizer J (2008) Compilation and time-series analysis of a marine carbonate 6 0, 6 C, Sr/ Sr and b S database through Earth history. Earth Sci Rev 87 113-133 Prombo CA, Clayton RN (1985) A striking nitrogen isotope anomaly in the Bencubbin and Weatherford meteorites. Science 230 935-937... 

The advent of computerised databases that link the prescribed drug to diagnosis and record patient histories over extended periods provides another method by which the incidence of the more common ADEs may be estimated. 

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