Carbon marine

Sondergaard, M., and M. Middleboe. 1995. A cross-system analysis of labile dissolved organic carbon. Marine Ecology — Progress Series 118 283-294. 

The partitioning of plutonium from surface water to sediments in freshwater and marine environments depends on the equilibrium between plutonium(IV) and plutonium(V), and the interaction between plutonium(IV) in solution and plutonium sorbed onto sediment particle surfaces (NCRP 1984). Sorption onto marine clays was found to be largely irreversible (Higgo and Rees 1986). Higgo and Rees (1986) also found that the initial sorption of plutonium onto clays was effective in removing most of the plutonium species that would be able to sorb onto the clay. When sorption to carbonate marine sediments was investigated, it was found that some desorption from the surface would also occur. This behavior was due to the presence of plutonium carbonate complexes on the sediment surfaces which were sorbed less strongly than plutonium dioxide... 

Robinson C and Williams PJLeB (1991) Development and assessment of an analytical system for the accurate and continual measurement of total inorganic carbon. Marine Chemistry 34 157-175. 

Another functional success has been the potential for drug incorporation and delivery from nano, micro, and macrospheres. During an overseas summer break, I have noticed that the sand that I was walking on the beach looked as perfect spheres and showed quite unique intricate structures (Figure 1.11). I brought some to our laboratories and after SEM and XRD analysis 1 noticed that it was not silica sand but calcium carbonate marine shells. 

Carbonate rocks are not normally transported over long distances, and we find carbonate reservoir rocks mostly at the location of origin, in situ . They are usually the product of marine organisms. However, carbonates are often severely affected by diagenetic processes. A more detailed description of altered carbonates and their reservoir properties is given below in the description of diagenesis . 

The principal producers of synthetic normal magnesium carbonates and basic magnesium carbonates are J.T. Baker Inc., Philipshiirg, New Jersey GTE Corp., Sylvannia Chemicals Division, Towanda, Peimsylvania Mallinkrodt Specialty Chemicals, St. Louis, Missouri Marine Magnesia, San Erancisco, California Morton Specialty Chemicals, Manistee, Michigan and Ube Chemical Industries, Tokyo. 

Fig. 1. Global distribution of seabed mineral deposits, where x represents chromite + barite titanium, zirconium, hafnium, and thorium tin I gold, platinum, and silver 3 sand and gravel shell, calcium carbonate gems marine polymetaUic sulfides phosphorites Cl cobalt cmsts S sulfur and B...

Tetraterpenes. Carotenoids make up the most important group of C q terpenes and terpenoids, although not all carotenoids contain 40 carbon atoms. They are widely distributed in plant, marine, and animal life. It has been estimated that nature produces about 100 million t/yr of carotenoids synthetic production amounts to several hundred tons per year (207,208). 

Further reduction in the price of carbon fibers may enable penetration into the automotive market. A primary carbon fiber producer has armounced that prices will drop to 700 yen/kg ( 6.80/lb) by 1995 (73) and that cooperative development efforts with a main Japanese automobile producer are underway. Development for use in constmction, such as cement and cable reinforcement, and marine apphcations will result in sustained growth volume through the eady twenty-first century. 

Transportation of carbon disulfide is controlled by federal regulations (113). Acceptable shipping containers include dmms, tank tmcks, special portable tanks, and rail tank cars. Barges have been used in the past. The United States Department of Transportation classifies carbon disulfide as a flammable bquid and a poison. For ship transport, carbon disulfide must be marked as a marine pollutant (114). AH air transport, cargo, or passenger, is forbidden (115). 

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