Cytokine antibodies

Cytokine / antibody Disease target Species tested... 

Finkelman, F.D., Madden, KB., Morris, S.C., Flolmes, J.M., Boiani, N., Katona, I.M. and Maliszewski, C.R. (1993) Anti-cytokine antibodies as carrier proteins prolongation of in vivo effects of exogenous cytokines by injection of cytokine-anti-cytokine antibody complexes. Journal of Immunology 151, 1235-1244. 

Figure 32.1. Schematic of the immune system. The immune system is composed of primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow and thymus), secondary lymphoid organs (not shown), and several cell types. In addition, a number of mediators including cytokines, antibodies, and complement regulate and/or are produced by the immune system. Abbreviations Eos, eosinophil Bas, basophil Neut, neutrophil NK, natural killer cell Ag, antigen T, T lymphocyte B, B lymphocyte Cyt T, cytotoxic T lymphocyte Act B, activated B lymphocyte.

Effects of therapy Cytokine, antibody to cytokine inhibitors, etc. 

The following discussion addresses only small-molecule drugs, chemical compounds with molecular weights less than 1,000 Daltons. Large-molecule drugs (biologies) such as vaccines, cytokines, antibodies, and genes also can be studied by the methods of pharmacokinetics, but they are distributed and cleared in fundamentally different ways than small molecules. (3, 4). 

One fairly new system is the Modular Immune in vitro Construct technology system (MIMIC), which can measure innate and adaptive immune responses and evaluate cytokines, antibodies, and chemokines in vitro. The system is based on a multidimensional interrogation of quiescent primary human cells mainly of blood origin that can reproduce immune responses in a cell-based high-throughput screen and rapidly capture the effect of an immunoresponsive agent (e.g.,... 

TNF-a and interleukin-1 (IL-1) are the two major cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Inhibition of these cytokines with anti-cytokine antibodies or receptor deficient knockout mice is associated with prevention of renal injury, but the mechanism may be simply preventing hypotension. The data do not support a direct role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure... 

Interference Native inhibitors, anti-cytokine antibodies Serum proteins, anti-cytokine and heterophile antibodies, rheumatoid factors... 

Reichert, J.M. (2004). Trends in the development of therapeutic anti-cytokine antibodies. Drug Discov. 

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