Cyclic nucleotides nitric oxide activation

Synthesized by soluble guanylyl cyclase and particulate guanylyl cyclase from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). Nitric oxide activates soluble guanylyl cyclase to enhance cyclic GMP production that contributes to various NO actions. Cyclic GMP is hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterases. Cyclic GMP binds to and activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase, phosphodiesterases, and Cyclic Nucleotide-regulated Cation Channels. 

Broillet MC, Firestein S (1997) Beta subunits of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel form a nitric oxide activated Ca2+ channel. Neuron 18 951-8 Bugnon O, Schaad NC, Schorderet M (1994) Nitric oxide modulates endogenous dopamine release in bovine retina. Neuroreport 5 401—4... 

Gruetter, C. A., Barry, B. K., McNamara, D. B., Gruetter, D. Y., Kadowitz, P. J., and Ignarro, L. J. (1979). Relaxation of bovine coronary artery and activation of coronary arterial guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide, nitroprusside and a carcinogenic nitrosoam-ine. ]. Cyclic Nucleotide Protein Phosphorylation Res. 5, 211-224. 

Brenman JE, Chao DS, Gee SH, McGee AW, Craven SE, Santillano DR, Wu Z, et al. (1996) Interaction of nitric oxide synthase with the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 and alpha 1-syntrophin mediated by PDZ domains. Cell 84 757-67 Broillet MC, Firestein S (1996) Direct activation of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel through modification of sulfhydryl groups by NO compounds. Neuron 16 377-85... 

A potent aaivator of the cAMP, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) Na+/K+ channel in olfactory cells is NO (nitric oxide), which is many times more potent than cAMP. However, NO is present only in developing olfactory neurons, where it seems to react directly with cysteine SH-groups in the P-subunit of the channel. It was speculated, therefore, that NO might be a channel activator early in development or in regenerating olfactory neurons (see ref. 91). 

E. Butt, M. Bernhardt, A. Smolensk , P. Kotsonis, L. G. Frohlich, A. Sickmann, H. E. Meyer, S. M. Lohmann and H. H. Schmidt, Endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (type III) is activated and becomes calcium independent upon phosphorylation by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases. J Biol Chem 275, 5179-5187 (2000). 

Lewicki, J. A., Brandwein, H. J., Mittal, C. K., Arnold, W. P., and Murad, F. (1982). Properties of purified soluble guanylate cyclase activated by nitric oxide and sodium nitroprusside. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 8, 17-25. 

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