Cybernetic mechanism

Since the habit routine search mechanism has very probably several functional neural pathways and brain parts which support its operation, different psychedelic drugs may affect the system by differing mechanisms yet yield very similar overall results. All further supposed effects of the ingestion of these substances are not direct effects of the drugs themselves, but rather are consequences, which very probably are perpetuated and magnified by cybernetic mechanisms, of the changes brought about in the HRS system of the brain. 

From the controlled system, a signal is supplied via feedback loop to the error detector which generates an error signal which in turn adjusts the value that controls the C02 supply to the reactor. The same kind of cybernetic mechanism prevails at the level of the individual organism... 

Onwimah IN (2002) Quantitative modelling of crude oil toxicity using the approach of cybernetics and structmed mechanisms of microbial processes. Environ Monit Assess 76(2) 157-166... 

Cybernetics The comparative study of automatic control system formed by the nervous system brain of animals man and by mechanical-electrical communication systems in order to understand Si improve communications. Missile guidance systems are aomposed of elements concerned with sensory perception, communication ... 

Mechanical Advantage Tourniquet (Bio Cybernetics International, LaVeme, CA). Military Emergency Tourniquet (ATSCC, Virginia Beach, VA). 

The 1950s saw a change in emphasis from the analysis of bio-chemistry-as-kinetics to that of biochemistry-as-information. The theoretical rationale for this transition was provided by the growth of the new sciences associated with the development of computers. Theories of control , feedback , and information transfer were collated in 1948 by the American engineer and mathematician Norbert Wiener under the name of cybernetics. As more and more became known about the mechanisms of individual enzymic reactions, about their energy-requirements, and about the workings of series of enzymes in the harmony of metabolic pathways, biochemists seized on these new concepts in order to probe the ways in which the cell controlled and regulated its own metabolism how, so to speak, it decided at any one time... 

On the advice of John von Neumann he called it entropy because, as von Neumann pointed out, the same function was already in use in statistical mechanics as the "Boltzmann H-function." Shannon s extraordinary paper appeared at the end of World War II concurrently with significant papers and books by Norbert Wiener on Cybernetics and by von Neumann on Games and Economics. Suddenly we were thrust into the information revolution and subjects such as decision making, risk, uncertainty, command and control, communication, feedback, and system-stability became popular topics of legitimate and important scientific inquiry. 

The link between control mechanisms studied in natural systems and those engineered in man-made systems was provided by a part of systems theory known as cybernetics. Checkland writes ... 

---