American engineering

C. E. Gregory, ExplosivesforlAorth American Engineers, Trans Tech Pubhcations, Clausthal, Germany, 1973. 

American engineers are probably more familiar with the magnitude of physical entities in U.S. customary units than in SI units. Consequently, errors made in the conversion from one set of units to the other may go undetected. The following six examples will show how to convert the elements in six dimensionless groups. Proper conversions will result in the same numerical value for the dimensionless number. The dimensionless numbers used as examples are the Reynolds, Prandtl, Nusselt, Grashof, Schmidt, and Archimedes numbers. 

Ernst F. W. Alexaiiderson was a Swedish American engineer and inventor who is best remembered for... 

Engineers quickly recognized that turbines could be arranged iu a variety of ways. For example, water could be fed to the wheel internally (as Fourneyron s machine did), externally, axially, or by a combination. Between 1830 and 1850 a host of European and American engineers experimented with almost every conceivable arrangement. The turbines that resulted— the most popular being the mixed-flow Francis turbine—quickly demonstrated their superiority to traditional vertical wheels in most respects. Turbines were... 

American engineer George Westinghouse introduces the air brake. The new power braking system uses compressed air as the operating medium. 

American engineer James B. Francis invents the hydraulic turbine. 

American engineer Lester A. Pelton develops the hydraulic turbine. 

Although the U.S. chemical industry is committed to converting from American Engineering Standard units to the metric standards, or SI units, the actual progress in... 

Explosives For North American Engineers , Trans Tech Publications, Cleveland, Ohio (1973), 236... 

Nilite. Trademark for a series of DuPont Co nitrocarbonitrate blasting agents Refs 1) Blaster sHndbk (1969), 57ff 2) C.E. Gregory, Explosives for North American Engineers , Trans Tech Publication, Cleveland (1973), 64... 

The ideal Brayton gas turbine cycle (sometimes called Joule cycle) is named after an American engineer, George Brayton, who proposed the cycle in the 1870s. The gas turbine cycle consists of four processes an isentropic compression process 1-2, a constant-pressure combustion process 2-3, an isentropic expansion process 3-4, and a constant-pressure cooling process 4-1. The p-v and T-s diagrams for an ideal Brayton cycle are illustrated in Fig. 4.1. 

Both U and Q have units of joules, J, in the SI system, dynes (dyn) in cgs, and calorie (cal) in American engineering units. 

C.E. Gregory, "Explosives for North American Engineers", Trans Tech Publications, D-3392 Clausthal-Zellerfield, Adolf Ey Strasse 5, West Germany (1973), 288 pp... 

Layton, E. T. (1990). The revolt of the engineers Social responsibility and the American engineering profession. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press. 

ACD Armour Chemical Div, Chicago 9, 111 AESC American Engineering Standards Committee... 

Another useful term is specific heat, which is the ratio of the heat capacity of one substance to the heat capacity of a reference material. The heat capacity of water is approximately unity in cgs and American engineering units. 

Another alloy discovery that transformed an industry was that of nichrome, invented in 1905 by the young American engineer Albert Marsh (1877-1944). Nichrome is an alloy of nickel and chromium that is tough and ductile (capable of being drawn into wires), and very resistant to oxidation and melting with a very low electrical conductivity. These properties make the alloy ideal for a very special application use as wires in a toaster. 

Figure 1. A computer graphic of a buckyball molecule, or carbon cluster, also called a Buckminsterfullerene, named after American engineer Buckminster Fuller.

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