Cupric acetate nitrate

Treatment of the complex with further amine produced the violet dyes. The importance of this complex in the mechanism is suggested by the inability of cupric acetate, nitrate or sulphate to achieve the oxidation. 

Method 2. Place 0-2 g. of cupric acetate, 10 g. of ammonium nitrate, 21 2 g. of benzoin and 70 ml. of an 80 per cent, by volume acetic acid -water solution in a 250 ml. flask fitted with a reflux condenser. Heat the mixture with occasional shaking (1). When solution occurs, a vigorous evolution of nitrogen is observed. Reflux for 90 minutes, cool the solution, seed the solution with a crystal of benzil (2), and allow to stand for 1 hour. Filter at the pump and keep the mother liquor (3) wash well with water and dry (preferably in an oven at 60°). The resulting benzil has m.p. 94-95° and the m.p. is unaffected by recrystallisation from alcohol or from carbon tetrachloride (2 ml. per gram). Dilution of the mother liquor with the aqueous washings gives a further 1 Og. of benzil (4). 

Cupric acetate, polluted atmosphere, sodium chlorate, sodium formate, sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, sodium sulfate sulphide and sodium tungstate SCC of alloys C26000 C44300 > C70600 Brass Admiralty brass... 

Catalyst, alumina, 34, 79, 35, 73 ammonium acetate, 31, 25, 27 boron tnfluonde etherate, 38, 26 copper chromite, 31, 32, 36, 12 cupric acetate monohydrate, 38, 14 cuprous oxide silver oxide, 36, 36, 37 ferric nitrate, hydrated, 31, 53 phosphoric acid, 38, 25 piperidine, 31, 35 piperidine acetate, 31, 57 Raney nickel, 36, 21, 38, 22 sulfuric acid, 34, 26 Catechol, 33, 74 Cetylmalonic acid, 34, 16 Cetylmalonic ester, 34,13 Chlorination, by sulfuryl chloride, 33, 45, 37, 8... 

OXIDATION, REAGENTS Dimethylsulf-oxide-Acetic anhydride. 1-Amyl hydroperoxide. N-Bromosuccinimide. Ceric ammonium nitrate. Chloramine. o-Chlo-ranil. 1-Chlorobenzotriazole. N-Chloro-succinimide-Dimethyl Sulfide. Chromic acid. Chromic anhydride. Chromyl chloride. Cobalt(ll) acetate. Cupric acetate monohydrate. Cupric nitrate-Pyridhic complex. 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l, 4-benzoquinonc. Dicyclohcxyl-18-crown-... 

Most Williamson reactions proceed by the 8 2 mechanism, but there is evidence (see p. 446) that in some cases the SET mechanism can take place, especially with alkyl iodides. Secondary alcohols have been converted to the corresponding methyl ether by reaction with methanol in the presence of ferric nitrate nonahy-drate. Vinyl ethers have been formed by coupling tetravinyl tin with phenols, in the presence of cupric acetate and oxygen. " The palladium-catalyzed coupling of vinyl triflates and phenols has also been reported. ... 

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, oxidizes acyloins to a-diketones in the presence of catalytic amounts of cupric acetate [476],... 

The treatment of 5-cholesten-3-one with oxygen in the presence of cupric nitrate or cupric acetate in pyridine and triethylamine in methanol furnishes 5-cholesten-3,6-dione in 75% yield [61]. 4,4,14a-Trimethyl-A -... 

A very suitable oxidant for the conversion of acyloins into a-diketones is ammonium nitrate in the presence of catalytic amounts of cupric acetate. This reagent converts benzoin into benzil in 90% yield [476], The same result is obtained with bismuth sesquioxide 481] and sodium bromate 740 (equation 450). On the other hand, ceric ammonium nitrate does not give benzil but cleaves the bond between the alcoholic and the keto groups and cleaves benzoin into benzaldehyde and benzoic acid [425]. 

In a 100-mL flask fitted with a reflux condenser are placed 0.1 g (0.0005 mol) of cupric acetate monohydrate (as a catalyst), 5 g (0.0625 mol) of ammonium nitrate, 10.6 g (0.05 mol) of benzoin, and 35 mL of 80% aqueous acetic acid. The mixture is heated with occasional shaking of the flask. Soon a vigorous evolution of nitrogen commences. After a 1.5-h reflux, the solution is cooled and seeded with a crystal of benzil (or by scratching the walls of the flask with a glass rod) until crystallization takes place. Water is added to the mixture to precipitate the residual benzil. The crystals are filtered with suction and washed with water containing about 20% of ethanol. The yield of benzil is quantitative. The melting point of the product after recrystallization from 70% ethanol is 95 °C. 

Cu(II) salts (e.g., Cu(OAc)2 or CUSO4) in stoichiometric amounts convert acyloins into diketones.Catalytic amounts of cupric acetate can be used in conjunction with ammonium nitrate. 

Effect on the reaction of copper(II) from salts—cupric chloride, nitrate, acetate, and sulfate. 

The commercial catalyst used for hydrogenation was a palladium on charcoal catalyst (type 37), manufactured by Johnson Matthey (UK)) with metal content 4.89% and supplied as powder. The Pd metal was d osited on the exterior sur ce of the charcoal The Pd/Ii02 catalyst was prepared using sodium tetrachloropalladate (II), supplied by Johnson Matthey (UK) and titanium dioxide, firom Degussa (Germany). The hydrogen gas was supplied by BOC (UK), with >99.98% purity and was used directly fi om cylinder. The reactant, butyne-l,4-diol 99%, was procured firom Aldrich (UK) and water and 2-propanol obtained firom Fisons (UK), were used as solvents. Additives such as lead acetate, quinoline, thiophene and triethyl phosphite were supplied by Aldrich (UK) and cupric acetate, zinc su hate, ferric nitrate and potasaum hydroxide were provided by Fisons (UK). 

Cupric acetate ammonium nitrate (CHaC00)sCu/NHtN03... 

CUPRIC ACETATE (142-71-2) Incompatible with acetylides, hydrazine, nitrates, mercurous chloride, strong acids. 

INSTRUCTOR PREPARATION. Prepare the catalyst solution by dissolving 0.1 g of cupric acetate and 5 g of ammonium nitrate in 7.0 mL of deionized water (may require warming), followed by addition of 28 mL of glacial acetic acid. Place the container in the hood and dispense the solution by use of an automatic delivery... 

Oxidation of benzoin with concentrated nitric acid or by catalytic amounts of cupric salts in acetic acid solution, which are regenerated continuously by ammonium nitrate, yields the diketone benzil ... 

Cupric nitrate (3H2O) [10031-43-3 (3H2O) 3251-23-8 (anhydr)] M 241.6, m 114 , b 170 (dec), d 2.0. Crystd from weak aqueous HNO3 (0.5mL/g) by cooling from room temperature. The anhydrous salt can be prepared by dissolving copper metal in a 1 1 mixture of liquid NO2 and ethyl acetate and purified by sublimation [Evans et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 75 1023 1979], The hexahydrate dehydr to trihydrate at 26°, and the anhydrous salt sublimes between 150 and 225°, but melts at 255-256° and is deliquescent. 

The immediate outcome of the Hantzsch synthesis is the dihydropyridine which requires a subsequent oxidation step to generate the pyridine core. Classically, this has been accomplished with nitric acid. Alternative reagents include oxygen, sodium nitrite, ferric nitrate/cupric nitrate, bromine/sodium acetate, chromium trioxide, sulfur, potassium permanganate, chloranil, DDQ, Pd/C and DBU. More recently, ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) has been found to be an efficient reagent to carry out this transformation. When 100 was treated with 2 equivalents of CAN in aqueous acetone, the reaction to 101 was complete in 10 minutes at room temperature and in excellent yield. 

Nitration of thiophene with cupric nitrate in acetic anhydride or acetic acid is considered to be milder than nitric acid in the same solvents and has been used successfully with thiophene derivatives which decomposed on conventional nitration/ ... 

To elevate p-selectivity in nitration of toluene is another important task. Commercial production of p-nitrotoluene up to now leads with twofold amount to the unwanted o-isomer. This stems from the statistical percentage of o m p nitration (63 3 34). Delaude et al. (1993) enumerate such a relative distribution of the unpaired electron densities in the toluene cation-radical—ipso 1/3, ortho 1/12, meta 1/12, and para 1/3. As seen, the para position is the one favored for nitration by the attack of NO (or NO2 ) radical. A procednre was described (Delande et al. 1993) that used montmorillonite clay supported copper (cupric) nitrate (claycop) in the presence of acetic anhydride (to remove excess humidity) and with carbon tetrachloride as a medinm, at room temperature. Nitrotoluene was isolated almost quantitatively with 23 1 76 ratio of ortho/meta/para mononitrotoluene. 

Nitration of 1-hydroxyquinolizinium nitrate affords only a 31% yield of the betaine nitrated at the 2-position (64JCS3030). With quinolizin-4-one (14), which may be regarded as the betaine of 4-hydroxyquinolizinium ion, nitration in acetic acid at room temperature gives a 43% yield of 1,3-dinitroquinolizone. Only by use of cupric nitrate in acetic anhydride is there some mononitration (a mixture of 1- and 3-isomers), but here again the major product is the dinitro compound (64T1051). 

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