Cumulative Subject preparation

Several new features are inaugurated in the present volume. To the cumulative subject index to the six volumes which have already appeared, a similar author index is now added. In order to bring literature references to methods of preparative value up to date, there has been included an appendix which contains later references to directions published previously in this series. The appendix also contains corrections to some of the earlier preparations. The editors acknowledge their appreciation of the assistance rendered by those who submitted corrections and suggestions, and welcome heartily any comments calculated to improve the series. 

The key to earning a successful grade on a chemistry test is to be actively involved in learning the content and to be well-prepared for every class. Chemistry is a cumulative subject, meaning that each section builds on the one before it. Preparation cannot begin the night before the test, but must be ongoing from the first day of class to the last day of class. 

Allen, G. and J. C. Bevington (eds.), Comprehensive Polymer Science , Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1989. A series of volumes that show the relationship between methods of preparation, treatment, structure and properties. It is organized into seven volumes Volume 1, Polymer Characterization Volume 2, Polymer Properties Volumes 3 and 4, Chain Polymerization Volume 5, Step Polymerization Volume 6, Polymer Reactions Volume 7, Specialty Polymers and Polymer Processing. A cumulative subject index completes the final volume. 

The Formula Index, as well as the Subject Index, is a cumulative index for Volumes XI through XIV. The chief aim of this index, like that of other formula indexes, is to help in locating specific compounds or ions, or even groups of compounds, that might not be easily found in the Subject Index, or in the case of many coordination complexes are to be found only as general entries in the Subject Index. All specific compounds, or in some cases ions, with definite formulas (or even a few less definite) are entered in this index or noted under a related compound, whether entered specifically in the Subject Index or not. As in the latter index, boldface type is used for formulas of compounds or ions whose preparations are described in detail, in at least one of the references cited for a given formula. 

These results are consistent with those of Hartmann et al. (176), who studied the effects of /-amphetamine (10 mg) and d-amphetamine (10 mg) on the mood, EEG, and performance of subjects exposed to a much shorter period of sleep deprivation (1 night). The authors found that subjective reports of decreased vigor and increased fatigue associated with sleep deprivation were not alleviated by either drug however, cumulative omission errors in the vigilance task were reduced by d-amphetamine, and d-amphetamine was also effective in restoring EEG alpha activity to predeprivation levels in comparison to either placebo or /-amphetamine. The fact that d-amphetamine was the most potent of the two preparations supports the contention by others (177) that d-amphetamine is approximately twice as effective as /-amphetamine. 

Having almost finished the remarkable work of closing the war and postwar gap in coverage of chemical literature, the editors of Chemisches Zentralblatt are now preparing the publication of several cumulative indexes, indexes to the Erganzungsbande and the Sonderband 1950/54, and indexes to the more recent volumes. No cumulative index has been available in 1960 for the period since 1944, and the 1940-1944 volumes have only one cumulative (author) index. Annual subject indexing of Chemisches Zentralblatt is some three to four years behind in publication. 

Whilst the test described above is a common way in which an attempt is made at predictive identification of those substances or products with significant skin-irritation potential, other information can also be used. Consideration is given to structure-activity relationships, although it must be said that this subject is in its infancy for skin irritants (Whittle et al. 1996 Barratt 1996). Data may also come from non-standard animal tests, predictive human tests and from human experience. These may cover either acute and/or cumulative irritant responses in skin. It is also possible for manufacturers to use data from in vitro studies. Lastly, where the product is a mixture of two or more substances [a preparation in European Union (EU) terminology], the manufacturer may elect to calculate the likely irritancy on the basis of the knowledge of the skin irritancy of the component substances and the concentration at which they occur in the product. For certain types of product, this process has been formalised in the EU as the conventional method (European Community 1988). 

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