Crystal structure porous silicon

A characterization of copper/porous silicon (Cu/PS) nanocomposites fomied by an immersion displacement method is presented. Morphology and structural properties of Cu-PS samples were analyzed using SEM and XRD techniques. The SEM study demonstrates the complicated structure of the Cu/PS samples. The XRD study confirms that deposited Cu is polycrystalline. Copper deposition time has a strong influence on Cu crystal size and the Cu/PS composition. 

A number of studies has been attempted to stabilize porous silicon low-temperature oxidation in a controlled way [1-3], surface modification of silicon nanocrystallites by chemical [4] or electrochemical [5] procedures etc. Rapid thermal processing (RTP) is thought to be a shortcut method of the PS stabilization for a number of purposes. However, there is no data about RTP influence on the PS structure. Therefore, the study of lattice deformations of PS layers after RTP is of great interest. In the present work. X-ray double-crystal diffractometry was used to measure lattice deformations of PS after RTP of millisecond and second durations. 

Our recent study [5] shows that the weak constant magnetic field (B = 0.17 T) results in a change of such structure-dependent properties as microhardness and surface electric resistance. The main goal and fundamental problem to be solved in the present work is to study magnetic field effects in single-crystal silicon and porous silicon (PS). 

In this review we detail how the color of mesoporous silicon can be tuned, like many other properties (see handbook chapter Tunable Properties of Porous Silicon ). This has been achieved by both control of the physical structure of silicon at the nanoscale and chemical means. The physical color of porous silicon films, membrane flakes, and photonic crystals is much more easily tuned than those of milled microparticle powders. The latter display various shades of brown, rather than the gray of solid silicon, and this has to date been an obstacle for applications in certain high-volume consumer products. 

Bengtsson M, Ekstrom S, Drott J, Collins A, Csoregi E, Marko-Varga G, Laurell T (2000) Applications of microstructured porous silicon as a biocatalytic surface. Phys Stat Sol 182 495-504 Bimer A, Li A-P, Muller F, Gdsele U, Kramper P, Sandoghdar V, Mlynek J, Busch K, Lehmann V (2000) Transmission of a microcavity structure in a two-dimensional photonic crystal based on macroporous silicon. Mat Sci Semicon Proc 3 487-491 Carstensen J, Christophersen M, Foil H (2000) Pore formation mechanisms for the Si-HF system. Mat Sci Eng B 69/70 23-28... 

Muller F, Bimer A, Gosele U, Lehmann V, Ottow S, Foil H (2000) Structuring of macroporous silicon for applications as photonic crystals. J Porous Mat 7 201-204 Nicewamer-Pena SR, Freeman RG, Reiss BD, He L, Pena DJ, Walton ID, Cromer R, Keating CD, Natan MJ (2001) Submicrometer metallic barcodes. Science 294 137-141 Outemzabet R, Gabouze N, Kesri N, Cheraga H (2005) Random macropore formation in n-type silicon under front side illumination correlation with anisotropic etching. Phys Status Solidi (c) 2 3394-3398... 

Ruike M, Houzouji M, Motohashi A, Murase N, Kinoshita A, Kaneko K (1996) Pore structure of porous silicon formed on a lightly doped crystal silicon. Langmuir 12 4828 831... 

Murzina TV, Sychev FY, Kohnychek lA, Aktsipetrov OA (2007) Tunable ferroelectric photonic crystals based on porous silicon templates infiltrated by sodium nitrite. Appl Phys Lett 90 161120 Nahor A, Berger O, Bardavid Y, Toker G, Tamar Y, Reiss L, Asscher M, Yitzchaik S, Sa ar A (2011) Hybrid structures of porous silicon and conjugated polymers for photovoltaic applications. Phys... 

Luchenko AI, Melnichenko MM, Svezhentsova KV (2007) Chemical modification of single - crystal silicon surface. J Optoelec Adv Mater 9 1431-1434 McCord P, Yau S-L, Bard AJ (1992) Chemiluminescence of anodized and etched silicon evidence for a luminescent siloxene-like layer on porous silicon. Science 257 68 Melnichenko MM, Svezhentsova KV, Shmyryeva AN (2005) Porous silicon upon multicrystalline silicon structure and photoluminescence. J Mater Sci 40 1409-1412 Melnikov VA, Astrova EV, Perova TS, Srigengan V (2008) Stain etching of micro-machined silicon structures. J Micromech Microeng 18 025019... 

Kim H-J, Kim Y-Y, Lee K-W (2010) Multiparametric sensor based on DBR porous silicon for detection of ethanol gas. Curr Appl Phys 10 181-183 Kim H-J, Kim Y-Y, Lee K-W (2011) Sensing characteristics of the organic vapors according to the reflectance spectrum in the porous silicon multilayer structure. Sens Actuators A 165 276-279 King BH, Ruminski AM, Snyder JL, Sailor MJ (2007) Optical-fiber-mounted porous silicon photonic crystals for sensing organic vapor breakthrough in activated carbon. Adv Mater 19 4530 534... 

Porous silicon based one, two and three dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) have been reviewed. Apropriate seleetion of the fabrication parameters can be used to form a photonie band gap of tunable width in the required spectral region. Due to the ease of fabrication of ID PCs, it has been shown to be useful for the demonstration of some physical phenomenon and numerous works have been dedicated to photonie and sensing applications. The fabrication of 2D PCs requires the prestrueturing of the silieon surface and the structures with the defeets for the ineorporation of different materials have opened a wide range of applications. Although the fabrieation of 3D PCs, needs the eombination of more than two tehniques, the fabrieation of perfeet mirrors in the infrared region has been shown. 

In Silicon nanocrystals (2010). WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim Perez K, Estevez JO, Mendez-Blas A, Arriaga J (2012) Localized defect modes in dual-periodical multilayer structures based on porous silicon. J Opt Soc Am B 29(4) 538-542 Prasad PN (ed) (2004) Chapter 9. Photonic crystals. In Nanophotonic. John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, Canada... 

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