Crops weed management

Faust, R.H. (2000) The use of Hair Sheep in Organic/Poly-Culture Tree Crop Weed Management. Proceedings of the 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basel, Switzerland, p. 425. 

The discovery and development of triazine herbicides were important scientific achievements and a significant example of cooperation among chemists, biologists, and agronomists from around the world. Development of the tri-azines led to unprecedented success in crop weed management. 

Chemical, cultural, and mechanical weed control practices have been relatively successful ia reducing yield losses from weeds (448). However, herbicide-resistant weed populations, soil erosion, pesticide persistence ia the environment, and other problems associated with technologies used (ca 1993) to control weeds have raised concerns for the long-term efficacy and sustainability of herbicide-dependent crop production practices (449). These concerns, coupled with ever-increasing demands for food and fiber, contribute to the need for innovative weed management strategies (450). 

Nonchemical or traditional practices, such as weed seed removal, optimal crop seeding rates, crop selection, enhanced crop competitiveness, crop rotation, and mechanical weed control are all important components of an effective weed management program (458,459). In the context of modern intensive chemical herbicide appHcation, nonchemical practices may even represent an innovative approach to weed management and should receive careful consideration. 

Water Management. For some crops water management directly and indirectly helps control weeds, Insects, and plant pathogens. With... 

Frankenberger, Jr., and Muhammad Arshad Handbook of Weed Management Systems, edited by Albert E. Smith Soil Sampling, Preparation, and Analysis, Kim H. Tan Soil Erosion, Conservation, and Rehabilitation, edited by Menachem Agassi Plant Roots The Hidden Half, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, edited by Yoav Waisel, Amram Eshel, and Uzi Kafkafi Photoassimilate Distribution in Plants and Crops Source-Sink Relationships, edited by Eli Zamski and Arthur A. Schaffer Mass Spectrometry of Soils, edited by Thomas W. Boutton and Shinichi Yamasaki... 

Baranenko, V.V. (2001). Pea chloroplasts under clino-rotation lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity. Advances in Space Research 27 973-976. Bhowmik, P.C. and Inderjit (2003). Challenges and opportunities in implementing allelopathy for natural weed management. Crop Protection 22 661-671. 

Weed management in organic agriculture use preventive methods such as an appropriate crop rotation, precise soiled preparation before sowing crops, narrow seed spacing, etc. (Labrada 2003). Many of them include ways in which allelopathy (often together with competition) could play an important role (Fig. 14.1). 

Liebman M, Dyck E (1993) Crop rotation and intercropping strategies for weed management. Eco Appl 3 92-122... 

The success of organic crop husbandry also relies very much on effective weed management, although diverging views can be found regarding the necessity of clean crops versus the... 

Bastiaans, L., Kropff, M.J., Gourdriaan, J. and van Laar, H.H. 2000. Design of weed management systems with a reduced reliance on herbicides poses new challenges and prerequisites for modelling crop-weed interactions. Field Crops Research 67(2) 161-179. 

Johnson, D.E. 1995. Weed management strategies for smallholder rice production. Brighton Crop Protection Conference. Weeds 3 1171-1180. 

Liebman, M. and Gallandt, E.R. 1997. Many little hammers ecological management of crop-weed interactions. In Jackson, L.E. (ed.) Ecology in Agriculture. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 291-343. 

Ngouajio, M. and Mennan, H. 2005. Weed populations and pickling cucumber (Cucuniis sati-vus) yield under summer and winter cover crop systems. Crop Protection 24 521-526. Ngouajio, M., McGiffen, M.E. and Hutchinson, C.M. 2003. Effect of cover crop and manage-... 

Organic no-till systems present many challenges, including production and management of high-residue cover crops, establishment of cash crops and weed management. Each challenge is discussed below with desired objectives, recommendations for success, and limitations. 

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