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Pyrolysis products cotton

One important thermal degradation mechanism of cellulose fibres (cotton, rayon, linen, etc.) is the formation of the small depolymerisation product levoglucosan (Fig. 8.7). Levoglucosan and its volatile pyrolysis products are extremely flammable materials and are the main contributors to cellulose combustion. Compounds that are able to hinder levoglucosan formation are expected to function as flame retardants for cellulose. The crosslinking and the single type of esterification of... [Pg.103]

Polyester fibers are composed of linear chains of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which produces benzene, benzoic acid, biphenyl, and vinyl terephthalate on pyrolysis. Acrylic fibers comprise chains made up of acrylonitrile units, usually copolymerized with less than 15% by weight of other monomers, e.g., methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, or vinylpyrrolidone. Thermolysis results in the formation of acrylonitrile monomer, dimers, and trimers with a small amount of the copolymer or its pyrolysis product. In this case, the acrylic is Orion 28, which contains methyl vinyl pyridine as comonomer. Residual dimethyl formamide solvent from the manufacturing process is also found in the pyrolysis products. Cotton, which is almost pure cellulose, comprises chains of glucose units. The pyrolysis products of cellulose, identified by GC/MS, include carbonyl compounds, acids, methyl esters, furans, pyrans, anhydrosugars, and hydrocarbons. The major pyrolysis products are levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-B-D-glucopyranose) and substituted furans. [Pg.189]

In order to fireproof wood and cotton products and to thermally convert biomass into chemicals, researchers must understand cellulose pyrolysis. Extensive research has been conducted in this area and several reviews are available (1-7). [Pg.336]

Caglar, A., Demirbas, A. 2002b. Conversion cotton cocoon shell to hydrogen-rich gaseous products by pyrolysis. Energy Convers Manage 43 489 97. [Pg.215]

Pyrolysis produces three principal products - pyrolytic gas, oil, and char. Char is a fine particulate composed of carbon black, ash, and other inorganic materials, such as zinc oxide, carbonates, and silicates. Other by-products of pyrolysis may include steel (from steel-belted radial tires), rayon, cotton, or nylon fibers from tire cords, depending on the type of tire used. [Pg.292]

The volatile products formed at various elapsed times during the pyrolysis of cotton cellulose at 280° are shown in Table I. These data, obtained by Madorsky, Hart, and Straus " indicate that, after a total period of 661 minutes, 70% of the cotton was volatilized, and the volatile products consisted of 2% of carbon monoxide, 6% of carbon dioxide, 27 % of water (containing some acetaldehyde), and 65 % of tar. [Pg.432]

The composition of such breakdown products is highly dependent on the precursor, the heating conditions and whether a catalyst is used or not. The term catalyst in this sense is a substance which has an influence on the actual cellulose pyrolysis process. Tamaru [66] investigated the effect of inorganic salts on the pyrolysis and combustion of cellulose. Garn and Denison [67] investigated flame retardants for cotton, which had a direct spin-off for carbon fiber manufacture. Typical treatment products/catalysts that have been investigated... [Pg.284]

On-line pyrolysis-FTIR studies of evolved degradation products from polymeries provide rapid, unique information that is useful in formulating fire retardant materials. PyFTIR studies of flame retarded cotton fabrics [853] have been used to retrieve information on evolved gases and condensibles in dependence on the pyrolysis temperature. [Pg.263]


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