Cosmetics, Toiletries and Pharmaceuticals

Medical or pharmaceutical products are spoiled if they contain pathogens or opportunistic pathogens, if they contain toxic microbial metabolites, or if microbial growth has caused physical or chemical deterioration of the product. It should be realised that an organism that is harmless to a person in good health 

Specific problems that may arise with medical preparations are the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in eye drops, and the presence of Salmonella spp. in pharmaceutical preparations which are taken orally, and which are derived from some natural source. 

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Li ovoL [Li ] Natural vegetable dls or specialty esters conditioner, glosser, emcdlient, luluicant for cosmetics, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. 

Formula CH3(CH2)5COOCH2(CH2)i6CH3 Uses Emollient and water repellent for cosmetics, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals Manuf./Distrib. A E Connock http //www. connock. co. uk Tra Name Synonyms Crodamol W [Croda Inc http //www.croda.com, Croda Oleochems.] Tegosoft SH [Goldschmidt http //www.goldschmidt.com, Goldschmidt AG http //www.goldschmidtsurfactants.com] Stearyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline CAS 95-19-2 68937-01-9 EINECS/ELINCS 202-397-8... 

Applications and uses roofing and automotive exterior parts, capping distilled water, dairy products, fruit juices, sports drinks, beer, wine and food, cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceutical packaging, sterilized closures, seals, and liners. 

Microbial contamination of cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals can lead to two types of problems ... 

Examples of preservatives for cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals corresponding to the EC list of preservatives which cosmetic products may contain are ... 

In comparison with the lower p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters the butyl ester is far and away the most effective one and presents an equalized spectrum of effectiveness (see Table 81). However, the application of the butyl ester as a preservative in cosmetics, toiletries and pharmaceuticals is, in spite of its high activity, limited because of its low water solubility and high log POW. But combinations of p-hydroxy-benzoic acid butyl ester with the lower alkyl esters perform excellently. 

Uses Emulsifier, wetting agent, and dispersant for cosmetic, toiletry, and pharmaceutical appiics. 

Uses Emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer, and suspending agent for cosmetics, toiletries, and pharmaceuticals Features Rec. for low solids formulations... 

Substantial quantities of UPVC are also used for blow moulded containers for such diverse materials as consumable liquids such as fruit squashes, liquids for household use such as detergents and disinfectants, cosmetics and toiletries, and pharmaceuticals. For most of these applications UPVC is in competition with at least one other polymer, particularly poly(ethylene) terephthalate (Chapter 25), polyethylene (Chapter 10), polypropylene (Chapter 11) and, to a small extent, the nitrile resins (Chapter 15). The net result is that in recent years there has been some replacement of PPVC in these areas, in part because of problems of waste disposal. 

Baird R.M. Bloomfield S.F. (eds) (1996) Microbial Quality Assurance in Cosmetics, Toiletries and Non-sterile Pharmaceuticals. London Taylor Francis. 

Baird, R.M., ed.. Microbial Quality Assurance. In Cosmetics, Toiletries and Non-Sterile Pharmaceuticals, Taylor and Francis, London, 1996. 

Microbial Quality Assurance in Cosmetics, Toiletries and Non-Sterile Pharmaceuticals... 

Products and Uses An additive in pharmaceutical products such as skin ointments, preparations, cosmetics, toiletries, and special dermatological soaps. Considered an antiseptic, emollient (skin softener), and demulcent (relieves skin irritation). 

Chem. Desaip. Complex colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate derived from natural smectite clays CAS 12199-37-0 EINECS/ELINCS 235-374-6 Uses Thickener, vise, modifier, emulsion stabilizer for emulsions, suspensions, sol ns., liqs., creams, pastes, cosmetics, toiletries, toothpaste, pharmaceuticals, paints, textile finishes, chemical specialties, industrial applies. suspending agent, binder, dispersant for powds. and pigments disintegrant in tablets spreading agent for lotions, creams, and ointments... 

Precaution May release formaldehyde Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Uses Biocide for household, industrial, institutional prods., latex paints, adhesives, aq. inks, polishes, waxes, pulp and paper, metalworking fluids antimicrobial, preservative for cosmetics, toiletries, topical pharmaceuticals keratin softener in dry skin prods. antiseptic Features Broad-spectrum Regulatory USA CIR approved Europe listed Japan not approved Manuf./Distrib. ISP Sutton Labs ISP http //www.ispcorp.com, Int l. Sourcing Sigma Universal Preserv-A-Chem http //www. upichem. com Trade Name Synonyms German II [ISP Sutton Labs] Integra 22 t[ISP Sutton Labs] ... 

Uses Emulsifier, stabilizer, opacifier, and emollient for cationic systems in cosmetics, toiletries, topical pharmaceuticals, deodorants and antiperspirants Features Self-emulsifying, acid-stable... 

Uses Biocide for household. Industrial, Institutional prods., latex paints, adhesives, aq. inks, polishes, waxes, pulp and paper, metalworking fluids antimicrobial, preservative tor cosmetics, toiletries, topical pharmaceuticals keratin softener in dry skin prods. antiseptic Features Broad-spectnjm... 

Over the last 30 years, ethanol s role as a solvent has increased sharply, while its role as a chemical intermediate has declined. In 1990, 59% of the 890 X 10 L demand was used for solvents and the remaining 41% was used for chemical intermediates (283). In 1960, solvents accounted for only 24% of the demand. The 1990 solvent uses were toiletries and cosmetics, 33% coatings, inks, and proprietary blends, 29% detergents and household cleaners, 14% external pharmaceuticals, 7% insecticides and disinfectants, 7% and miscellaneous, 10%. Ethanol demand for solvent appHcations has been fairly stable in recent years, growing at an average aimual rate of 2%. VOC regulations could impact its solvent use, particularly in areas like California, where ethanol in aerosols like hair spray and deodorants have come under scmtiny. 

Rules and Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Distributors (1997) London HMSO. Spooner D.F. (1996) Hazards associated with the microbiological contamination of cosmetics, toiletries andnon-sterile pharmaceuticals. Iw.Microhial Quality Assurance in Cosmetics, Toiletries andNon-sterile Pharmaceuticals, 2nd edn (eds R.M. Baird S.F. Bloomfield), pp. 9-27. London Taylor Francis. 

Ethanol itself finds use as chemical in various applications, particularly as solvent (toiletries and cosmetics, paints, lacquer thinners, printing inks, dyes, detergents, disinfectants and pharmaceuticals), besides its uses in the food and beverage industry, and as a disinfectant. 

Blow-moulded containers have various and diversified applications from small bottles to drums for packaging of foods and beverages, chemicals, motor oils, cosmetics, toiletries, drugs and pharmaceuticals. Table 2.24 displays some examples for industrialized countries. The use of bottles and other containers depends on several growing markets, for example ... 

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