Cooling-Tower Model

The key scientific principles associated with the operation of a heat exchanger system include Temperature—preheat, condenser, reboiler, conversions Heat transfer—conductive, convective Tube growth—expansion Pressure—delta, inlet, outlet Fouling Boiling points pH of water [Pg.367]

Fluid flow— turbulent, laminar, parallel, cross-flow, counter-flow Flow rates [Pg.367]

Electricity for pumps and instruments Modern process control Chemical properties [Pg.367]

The primary equipment components in a heat exchanger system include [Pg.367]

The key scientific principles associated with the operation of a cooling tower include Evaporation [Pg.367]

The difference between T0 and Twbt measures the degree of unsaturation of the inlet air. If the air is initially saturated with water vapor, then neither vaporization of the liquid nor depression of the wet bulb temperature occurs. A simple cooling tower model that can be used in conceptual design is presented elsewhere2. [Pg.514]

Observations showed that the wind direction is not perpendicular to the cooling tower axis when a cooling tower is standing on a slope. To analyze pressure distributions on the inside and the outside face of the shell, tests were carried out at the Institut fuer Massivbau of the Technical University of Hannover to conduct the measurements of the inside and outside pressure distributions of an idealized cooling tower model in a wind tunnel and of perpendicular and nonperpendicular air stream to the model axis. [Pg.303]

An Experimental Study of the) Effect of Wind-Tunnel Walls on the Flow Past Circular Cylinders and Cooling Tower Models... [Pg.311]

Pump and tank model Compressor model Heat exchanger model Cooling tower model Boiler model Furnace model... [Pg.61]

Pump and tank model Compressor model Heat exchanger model Cooling-tower model Steam-generation model Furnace model Distillation model Reaction model Separation model Absorption and stripping model Combination of the preceding models... [Pg.362]

Figure 17-8 shows the basic components of a cooling-tower model. A variety of troubleshooting scenarios can be applied to this simple model. Variations depend on the instructor s experience and questions generated by the students. [Pg.369]

Lowe, H. J. and Christie, D. G. Inst. Mech. Eng. Symposium on Heat Transfer (1962). Paper 113, 933. Heat transfer and pressure drop data on cooling tower packings, and model studies of the resistance of natural-draught towers to airflow. [Pg.786]

Figure 24.2 gives the basis of a cooling water system model. For the cooling tower ... [Pg.514]

The next stage is to find the target supply conditions for the cooling tower. This can be achieved by constructing a simulation model of the cooling tower to simulate the conditions of the exit water and air for given inlet air and water conditions2. The model must also consider the... [Pg.525]

Induction motors are the most frequent in use because of their simple and rugged construction, and simple installation and control. They are constant speed devices available as 3600 (two-pole), 1800, 1200, and 900 rpm (eight-pole). Two speed models with special windings with 2 1 speed ratios are sometimes used with agitators, centrifugal pumps and compressors and fans for air coolers and cooling towers. Capacities up to 20,000 HP are made. With speed... [Pg.61]

The increase in vertical turbulence intensity caused by cooling tower plumes can be estimated for each temperature gradient and increment of distance from the tower. This can be represented by well-known turbulence parameters developed for Gaussian plume models ... [Pg.155]

Drift From the Chalk Point Natural Drift Brackish Water Cooling Tower Source Definition, Downwind Measurements, Transport Modeling... [Pg.262]

Computerized Engineering Model for Evaporative Water Cooling Towers... [Pg.263]

Development and Verification of a Wet Cooling Tower Drift Deposition Model... [Pg.264]

Dynamic Plume Model for the Prediction of Atmospheric Effects Associated with Cooling Tower Operation... [Pg.280]

Wind tunnel test methods were developed to determine wind induced stresses in cooling towers using aeroelastic models as part of a detailed model of a power station site. The turbulence and shear in the atmospheric wind are simulated. Tests on a model of Ferrybridge C Power Station show that resonant stresses are significant at the design wind speed. These increase as the fourth power of wind speed and can be greatly enhanced by turbulent wakes of upstream structures. 6 refs, cited. [Pg.287]

An experiment was conducted in a low speed gust tunnel in which steady and unsteady pressure distributions over the surface of a model cooling tower were measured. Attention is concentrated on the spectra of pressure fluctuations at a section near the throat of the tower. The effects of boundary layer, wake and incident wake on the spectra of pressure fluctuations at points on the tower are demonstrated, and the effects of lateral turbulence identified by varying the amplitude of the input to the gust actuators. 10 refs, cited. [Pg.287]

The volume includes 37 papers. Discussions cover the verification of flat plate analyses by model studies long-term behavior of small composite prestressed concrete bridge beams studies of a prestressed concrete girder with web openings the structural behavior of a hyperbolic cooling tower under static loadings models of shear wall structures ... [Pg.293]

The paper outlines a general procedure for estimating the wind dynamic stresses in hyperbolic cooling towers on the basis of a statistical dynamic approach. Using wind tunnel measurements of pressure fluctuations and assuming that resonance is negligible, predicted wind stresses agreed with measured stresses on an aeroelastic model. The procedure is applied to 451-ft tower. 9 refs, cited. [Pg.294]

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