Control modal

Miaskowski, C. (2005), Patient-controlled modalities for acute postoperative pain management, J. Perianesth. Nurs., 20(4), 255-267. 

Physiologically correct feedback, beyond drat provided by vision, is essential if low mental loading or coordinated subconscious control of multifunctional prostheses is to be achieved (Pig. 32.33). When prosthetic aim technology moved to externally powered systems, the control modalities shifted, with the exception of Simpson (1974) and a few others, from the position-based cable control of the body-powered systems to open-loop velocity control techniques (such as myoelectric and switch control). That is, prosthetic technology shifted away from cable inputs, which provide sensory... 

Non-speech voice input as a user interface control modality holds the potential for offering effective input modality for individuals with physical or situation-induced motor impairment, but this space has been relatively unexplored. Through studying the adoptability of such techniques by novice users, we hope to gain a better understanding of whether such systems are indeed viable, and what their ease of use and learnability are. By combining results from prior studies that compare these systems to common input devices (e.g. VJ and the mouse in [4]), we can also place these novel input methods on the map of other existing input devices. 

Promoting an Optimal Response to Therapy The patient with a musculoskeletal disorder may be in acute pain or have longstanding mild to moderate pain, which can be just as difficult to tolerate as severe pain. Along with pain, there may be skeletal deformities, such as the joint deformities seen with advanced rheumatoid arthritis. For many musculoskeletal conditions, drug therapy is a major treatment modality. Therapy with these drugs may keep the disorder under control (eg, therapy for gout), improve the patient s ability to carry out the activities of daily living, or make the pain and discomfort tolerable. 

The control approach in both LO and SO can be either zonal or modal most theoretical and simulation work is being done using the modal approach which may have some advantages including the rejection of waffle modes and avoiding problems due to the central obscuration. 

Complicated processes govern wakefulness, sleep, and the transitions leading to sleep initiation and maintenance. Although the neurophysiology of sleep is complex, certain neurotransmitters promote sleep and wakefulness in different areas of the central nervous system (CNS). Serotonin is thought to control non-REM sleep, whereas cholinergic and adrenergic transmitters mediate REM sleep. Dopamine, norepinephrine, hypocretin, substance P, and histamine all play a role in wakefulness. Perturbations of various neurotransmitters are responsible for some sleep disorders and explain why various treatment modalities are beneficial. 

Giagulli C, Scarpini E, Ottoboni L, et al. RhoA and PKCzeta control distinct modalities of LFA-1 activation by chemokines critical role of LFA-1 affinity triggering in lymphocyte in vivo homing. Immunity 2004 20(l) 25-35. 

The frequency distribution of the TMRP measurements shows for both levels of exposure a bi-modal histogram - in contrary to the log-normal distribution of the control values (Figure 7 ) The bimodal distribution could be due to a reaction at the cellular level indicating a critical number of hits, i.e. peak A is representing the cell population with a TMRP unaffected by low level alpha exposure, while peak B represents cells reacting to alpha hits. 

As described, an FI catalyst potentially possesses five isomers arising from the coordination modes of ligands in an octahedral geometry, suggesting that an FI catalyst has the ability to form well-defined multimodal polymers that are expected to possess an excellent combination of material properties and processability. In fact, on activation with MAO, Zr-FT catalyst 32 furnishes uni-, bi- and tri-modal PEs in a controlled manner, simply by varying the polymerization temperatures (Fig. 19) [24, 25],... 

A controlled clinical trial is an experiment and, as just mentioned, it deliberately alters the fabric of routine management of study subjects. It does so in two ways. First, it directs which treatment modality will be given to a particular subject, usually by randomised allocation without the doctor or subject knowing which treatment they will receive out of the two or three chosen for the trial. Therefore, a subject may not receive the conventional treatment that the clinician might otherwise have chosen. Second, the selection and... 

Abstract Inhibitors of the kinases controlling the cell cycle have emerged as an important therapeutic modality for the treatment of cancer. Drug discovery efforts have focused on inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases, the Aurora kinases, and Polo-like kinases. Agents for each kinase are now advancing in human clinical trials. In this review we will summarize the work in this area with special emphasis on the structural biology and structure-activity relationships developed for the many chemotypes explored. 

The evidence presented earlier, on the effects of combined modality therapy in carcinoma of the anal canal, may exploit to some extent the properties of mitomycin C as a hypoxic cell cytotoxin. This strategy remains valid, as many human tumors are less well oxygenated than the tissues from which they arose. The literature suggests that not only are these hypoxic tumors more difficult to control locally with therapy but that they may possess a more malignant phenotype with a higher propensity for distant spread. Tirapazamine is a drug developed and introduced into the clinic for its ability to target... 

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