Control costs, definition

Corrosion is a natural and costly process of destructions and, differently from other destructive phenomena such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, can be prevented or at least controlled. Several definitions of corrosion have been given (i) corrosion is the result of interactions between a metal and environment which results in its gradual destruction, (ii) corrosion is... 

Static and Flexible Budgets Overhead cost can significantly affect the profitability of a projec t and is the only cost outside the control of the project manager. The project is expected to contribute a definite amount toward the expenses of the company and will be charged this amount even if the production rate is zero. This is the fixecTcomponent of the overhead cost and will include directly allocable costs such as depreciation and a proportion of general costs such as office salaries and heating. 

Project Control Having made a good estimate of the capital cost and the expected construc tion time, it is essential to introduce an effective system for controlling expenditure of time and money during construction. Good capital-cost control can cut down expenditures even when the definitive estimate is not veiy accurate. It is most important for management to receive early warnings if overruns in expenditure or time are likely to occur. 

A. Hausberger I think a sulfur-tolerant catalyst would definitely be an advantage in that the requirement for critical control of the sulfur removal system would be eliminated. If you can allow some sulfur to pass on through the methanator into the product gas, the amount of reagent or regeneration cost of the sulfur removal system would be reduced. As to what level of sulfur could be tolerated, that is a hard question to answer since I don t think that there is a sulfur-tolerant catalyst. 

The definition of the cost model is of crucial importance for controlling the behavior of the S N P optimizer. One of the central questions is whether to maximize service level, which usually means using high penalties for non and late delivery, or to maximize profits, which requires the use of realistic sale prices. In the case study scenario, the nondelivery cost levels reflect real sale prices sufficiently close to enable a profit maximization logic. 

The value objective function is oriented at the company s profit and loss definitions. Guiding principle is to only use value parameters that can be found in the cost controlling of the company signed by controlling. Penalty costs and without currency and weighting factors being applied to steer optimization results but having no actual financial impact - as it can be often found in supply chain optimization models - do not meet this requirement. 

Definitions of the extent, type, and concentration of soil contamination are the primary factors that control the cost of soil remediation. The economic effectiveness of a remediation strategy depends on the following ... 

Corrosion is the deterioration of a material by reaction with its enviromnent. Although the term is used primarily in conjunction with the deterioration of metals, the broader definition allows it to be used in conjunction with all types of materials. We will limit the description to corrosion of metals and alloys for the moment and will save the degradation of other types of materials, such as polymers, for a later section. In this section, we will see how corrosion is perhaps the clearest example of the battle between thermodynamics and kinetics for determining the likelihood of a given reaction occurring within a specified time period. We will also see how important this process is from an industrial standpoint. For example, a 1995 study showed that metallic corrosion costs the U.S. economy about 300 billion each year and that 30% of this cost could be prevented by using modem corrosion control techniques [9], It is important to understand the mechanisms of corrosion before we can attempt to control it. 

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