Containment venting

Monitor stock, e.g. temperature, pressure, reaction, inhibitor content, degradation of substance, deterioration of packaging or containers/corrosion, leakages, condition of label, expiry date, undesirable by-products (e.g. peroxides in ethers) Spillage control bund, spray, blanket, containment. Drain to collection pit Decontamination and first-aid provisions, e.g. neutralize/destroy, fire-fighting Contain/vent pressure generated to a safe area... 

The only human actions important in more than 50% of the BWR IPEs are manual depressurization, containment venting, initiation of standby liquid control (SLC), and system alignment for decay heat removal. In PWRs, only switch over to recirculation, feed-and-blecd, and the actions associated with depressurization and cooldown are important in more than 50% of the... 

Exothermic reactions require control strategies which may involve temperature control, dilution of reagents, controlled addition of one reagent, containment/venting and provision for emergencies. Refer to p. 248. 

Economic feasibility studies suggest that even at the present state of the art photocatalytic technology indeed can be competitive with the traditional carbon adsorption or incineration technologies in treatment of contaminated soil vapor extraction vents and small scale VOC-containing vents [28]. Rapid progress in basic and applied research in photocatalysis suggests... 

Thus a spent scrubbing solution is obtained that contains equimolar quantities of NaOCl and NaCl. The chlorine-containing vent streams may contain also and variously C02, HC1 and other components naturally occurring in atmospheric streams. Clearly the C02 and HC1 have the potential to reduce the capacity of the caustic stream for chlorine removal. 

A more recent and improved means of timing the ignition of piped match is provided by an Italian product called PYROCLOCK. This is a modular system containing vented delay elements with burn times of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 seconds. 

Store in original closed container. Be sure that the container vent is working properly. Do not add any other compound to the container. When empty, flush container thoroughly with clean water.1... 

Oxygen can be supplied from an air separation plant, as well as from the cost-effective pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process. The Vinnolit oxychlorination process is also able to handle ethylene and/or anhydrous HCI containing vent streams from direct chlorination, acetaldehyde, monochloroacetic acid and other processes. 

The reactants are contained in an insulated container vented to the atmosphere so as to keep the contents at atmospheric pressure. Such a container is known as a constant-pressure calorimeter, and at its simplest the container would be a polystyrene coffee cup (Fig. 13.4). Temperature changes are measured using a thermometer. 

Energy savings in the vent gas incineration unit by import of external CHC-containing vent gases with high calorific value and by improving the thermal eflSciency of the vent gas incineration unit. 

Containment, venting and suppression are not usually applicable to the reactor itself, but are used to protect downstream equipment such as blenders, dryers, and filter cabinets. They are not dealt with in this guide, but information is available in References 112, 117 and 118. Reference 11 illustrates a basis of safe operation relating to a particular type of reaction (phenolic resin production). Avoidance of sources of ignition and flammable conditions is described in Reference 110 and an outline is given below. 

As an example, as far as the plant modifications are concerned, for pressurized plants the following provisions were considered necessary alternative means for cooling of components in extreme emergency situations, containment venting, a refractory liner on the cavity walls below the vessel, improvements in the control of leaks from the containment, if accidentally higher than the specified ones. 

Towards the preparation of radioactive source for the actmty transport and deposition studies, method of preparation of electrodeposited source for 2 was standardised. A scale model of an experimental setup for wetbed submerged gravel bed SCTubber has been made for assessment ofits performance and mrploring the fearibility ofuse of similar system in fast breeder reactor containment venting jq plications. 

Filtered containment venting system that would be operated in the longer term to prevent failure of the containment due to overpressurization following a severe accident. 

Fission product contauiment See tightness comrol above Tighuiess IS prnnaiily ensured by filtered vem system, leakages are collected by secondary containment venting Containment spray of drywell he wash out fission products from atmo here... 

Severe accident Containment temperature/pressure PCCS Containment vent (pressure control) passive ... 

Severe Accident Containment temperature and pressure control Containment/venting system Passive ... 

The purpose of this question was to find out whether any additional iodine mitigation measures have been planned or already implemented other than using additives in the spray and containment sump water and using controlled containment venting with a filter. Other than these measures, if already implemented, there are no other mitigation measures reported by the participating organizations. 

Table 5 Controlled Containment Venting and decontamination factors... 

C-9. Proceedings of a Specialists Meeting on Filtered Containment Venting Systems,... 

C-12. L. Lindau and K. Ellisson, Filtered Containment Venting in Sweden , Proceedings of the Twentieth DOE/NRC Nuclear Air Cleaning Conference, NUREG/CP-0098, pp.695-707, U.S. 

Plant Name Type Designer Operational date Thermal power (MWt) Containment Type > Free volume (m=) Sprays " Containment Sump chemical Additives Filters" Containment Venting filters... 

Plant name Filters (PF=prefilter, AF=absolute filter, ACF=active carbon filter, D = demister) Containment venting filters Passive iodine removal Iodine mitigation measures implemented/ planned Measurement of airborne iodine (gaseous and particulate form) activity ... 

No containment venting filters, no passive iodine removal, no controlled iodine release into environment, no other AM measures to mitigate airborne iodine activity in containment... 

Plant Name Containment Venting Filters Passive Iodine Removal Iodine Mitigation measures Measurement of airborne iodine in containment Measurement of controlled iodine (gaseous release into environment Other AM measures to mitigate (1) airborne iodine in containment... 

---