Connection knowledge

Keys, C. W. (1999) Revitalizing instruction in scientific genres Connecting knowledge production with writing to learn in science. Sci. Educ. 83 115— 130. 

This paper has envisaged the contribution of the hypermedia technology in the man-machine communication domain in industrial complex processes. Thus, it appears that each industrial imagery designing step can benefit from the facilities of connected knowledge representation as well as from man-machine interactivity, given by these new techniques. 

The surface free energy can be regarded as the work of bringing a molecule from the interior of a liquid to the surface, and that this work arises from the fact that, although a molecule experiences no net forces while in the interior of the bulk phase, these forces become unbalanced as it moves toward the surface. As discussed in connection with Eq. Ill-IS and also in the next sections, a knowledge of the potential function for the interaction between molecules allows a calculation of the total surface energy if this can be written as a function of temperature, the surface free energy is also calculable. 

From SCRP spectra one can always identify the sign of the exchange or dipolar interaction by direct exammation of the phase of the polarization. Often it is possible to quantify the absolute magnitude of D or J by computer simulation. The shape of SCRP spectra are very sensitive to dynamics, so temperature and viscosity dependencies are infonnative when knowledge of relaxation rates of competition between RPM and SCRP mechanisms is desired. Much use of SCRP theory has been made in the field of photosynthesis, where stnicture/fiinction relationships in reaction centres have been connected to their spin physics in considerable detail [, Mj. 

To our knowledge, the results presented in this chapter provide the first example of enantioselective Lewis-acid catalysis of an organic reaction in water. This discovery opens the possibility of employing the knowledge and techniques from aqueous coordination chemistry in enantioselective catalysis. This work represents an interface of two disciplines hitherto not strongly connected. 

The lUPAC rules are not the only nomenclature system in use today Chemical Abstracts Service sur veys all the worlds leading scientific journals that publish papers relating to chemistry and publishes brief abstracts of those papers The publication Chemical Abstracts and its indexes are absolutely es sential to the practice of chemistry For many years Chemical Abstracts nomenclature was very similar to lUPAC nomenclature but the tremendous explosion of chemical knowledge has required Chemical Abstracts to modify Its nomenclature so that its indexes are better adapted to computerized searching This means that whenever feasible a compound has a sin gle Chemical Abstracts name Unfortunately this Chemical Abstracts name may be different from any of the several lUPAC names In general it is easier to make the mental connection between a chemical structure and its lUPAC name than its Chemical Abstracts name... 

The state of knowledge in the early 1990s of the effects of fat on health lacks clarity and general agreement. There is great support for the thesis that fully saturated fats are associated with problems of atherosclerosis and arterial fatty deposit, but there is evidence that stearates, which are saturates, are only poorly utilized in human digestion. Another body of work has estabUshed a connection between unsaturated fatty acids and a better state of arterial health and lowered fat body attachment to the arterial wall (23) contrary evidence exists that highly unsaturated fats polymerize more readily and thus contribute to arterial plaque formation. 

Local Site Condition Evaluation. In addition to visiting the site, drawing up a contour map and geology reports, acquiring sod-bearing information, and a knowledge of boundaries, setbacks, local requirements, utdity tie-in locations, sewer connections, access to roadways, pipelines, radroads, etc, may be needed to make a fliU assessment. 

To receive a filing date, an appHcation made on the basis of intent-to-use must include "a claim of bona fide intention to use the mark in commerce," a description of the goods upon or in connection with which the appHcant has the intention to use the mark and the mode and manner in which it is to be used, and a statement that the appHcant is entitled to use the mark and that, to the best of the appHcant s knowledge, no other person or entity has the right to use the mark or a confusingly similar mark. A drawing of the mark must be submitted with the appHcation. 

Relationships Between Objects, Processes, and Events. Relationships can be causal, eg, if there is water in the reactor feed, then an explosion can take place. Relationships can also be stmctural, eg, a distiUation tower is a vessel containing trays that have sieves in them or relationships can be taxonomic, eg, a boiler is a type of heat exchanger. Knowledge in the form of relationships connects facts and descriptions that are already represented in some way in a system. Relational knowledge is also subject to uncertainty, especiaUy in the case of causal relationships. The representation scheme has to be able to express this uncertainty in some way. 

Known as the Clapeyron equation, this is an exacl thermodynamic relation, providing a vital connection between the properties of the liquid and vapor phases. Its use presupposes knowledge of a suitable vapor pressure vs. temperature relation. Empirical in nature, such relations are approximated by the equation... 

If 3 is a useful connection with the behavior of a burning candle, then we should enjoy the special reward for this discov ery. The connection we propose implies that the knowledge accumulated on the candle can be brought to bear on the new system. 

In Section I, a qualitative schematic description of the main connection between increased agitation intensity and increased total mass-transfer rate was given. It can readily be seen from this description that further research in gas and liquid flow patterns and in the area of relative bubble velocities in dispersions will contribute to the basic knowledge necessary for understand ing the real mechanisms occurring in these systems. 

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